Exploring the role of drug-metabolising enzymes in antidepressant side effects
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  • 作者:Karen Hodgson ; Katherine E. Tansey ; Rudolf Uher
  • 关键词:Antidepressant ; Pharmacogenetics ; Side effects ; Drug metabolism ; Cytochrome P450 enzymes
  • 刊名:Psychopharmacology
  • 出版年:2015
  • 出版时间:July 2015
  • 年:2015
  • 卷:232
  • 期:14
  • 页码:2609-2617
  • 全文大小:823 KB
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  • 作者单位:Karen Hodgson (1)
    Katherine E. Tansey (1)
    Rudolf Uher (1) (3)
    Mojca Zvezdana Dernov?ek (4)
    Ole Mors (14) (5)
    Joanna Hauser (6)
    Daniel Souery (7)
    Wolfgang Maier (8)
    Neven Henigsberg (9)
    Marcella Rietschel (10)
    Anna Placentino (11)
    Ian W. Craig (1)
    Katherine J. Aitchison (1) (12)
    Anne E. Farmer (1)
    Richard J. B. Dobson (13) (2)
    Peter McGuffin (1)

    1. MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
    3. Department of Psychiatry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
    4. University Psychiatric Clinic, Ljubljana, Slovenia
    14. The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, Aarhus, Denmark
    5. Research Department P, Aarhus University Hospital, Risskov, Denmark
    6. Laboratory of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
    7. Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale, Université Libre de Bruxelles; PsyPluriel - Centre Européan de Psychologie Médicale, Brussels, Belgium
    8. Department of Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
    9. Croatian Institute for Brain Research, Medical School, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
    10. Division of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany
    11. Psychiatric Unit (UOP 23), Department of Mental Health, Biological Psychiatry Unit Spedali Civili Hospital of Brescia, IRCCS-FBF, Brescia, Italy
    12. Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
    13. NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health and Biomedical Research Unit for Dementia at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation, London, UK
    2. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
  • 刊物类别:Biomedical and Life Sciences
  • 刊物主题:Biomedicine
    Pharmacology and Toxicology
    Psychiatry
  • 出版者:Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
  • ISSN:1432-2072
文摘
Rationale Cytochrome P450 enzymes are important in the metabolism of antidepressants. The highly polymorphic nature of these enzymes has been linked to variability in antidepressant metabolism rates, leading to hope regarding the use of P450 genotyping to guide treatment. However, evidence that P450 genotypic differences underlie the variation in treatment outcomes is inconclusive. Objectives We explored the links between both P450 genotype and serum concentrations of antidepressant with antidepressant side effects, using data from the Genome-Based Therapeutic Drugs for Depression Project (GENDEP), which is a large (n--68), pharmacogenetic study of depressed individuals treated with escitalopram or nortriptyline. Methods Patients were genotyped for the enzymes CYP2C19 and CYP2D6, and serum concentrations of both antidepressant and primary metabolite were measured after 8?weeks of treatment. Side effects were assessed weekly. We investigated associations between P450 genotypes, serum concentrations of antidepressants and side effects, as well as the relationship between P450 genotype and study discontinuation. Results P450 genotype did not predict total side effect burden (nortriptyline: n--51, p--.5638, β-??0.133, standard error (SE)--.229; escitalopram: n--40, p--.9627, β-??0.004, SE--.085), study discontinuation (nortriptyline n--84, hazard ratio (HR)--.300, p--.174; escitalopram n--76, HR--.870, p--.118) or specific side effects. Serum concentrations of antidepressant were only related to a minority of the specific side effects measured: dry mouth, dizziness and diarrhoea. Conclusions In this sample where antidepressant dosage is titrated using clinical judgement, P450 genotypes do not explain differences between patients in side effects with antidepressants. Serum drug concentrations appear to only explain variability in the occurrence of a minority of specific side effects.

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