Dissection of leaf morphological traits from isolated and declined relict populations of Ulmus laevis reveals putative random ecotype evolution

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• 作者：Kristine Vander Mijnsbrugge ; Raphaëlle Le Clercq…
• 关键词：Fragmentation ; General linear mixed models ; Geometric morphometrics ; Isolation ; Morphological divergence ; Random drift
• 刊名：Plant Systematics and Evolution
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：302
• 期：2
• 页码：219-229
• 全文大小：797 KB
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• 作者单位：Kristine Vander Mijnsbrugge (1) (2)
  Raphaëlle Le Clercq (1) (3)
  Boudewijn Michiels (1)
  
  1. Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Gaverstraat 4, 9500, Geraardsbergen, Belgium
  2. Agency for Nature and Forest, Koning Albert II laan 20, 1000, Brussels, Belgium
  3. Troonlaan 207, 1050, Elsene, Belgium
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Plant Sciences
  Plant Ecology
  Plant Anatomy and Development
  Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/ Biogeography
  
• 出版者：Springer Wien
• ISSN：1615-6110

文摘

Ulmus laevis Pallas is a rare and endangered tree species in the northern part of Belgium, restricted to a minimal amount of natural populations that mainly consist of a strongly reduced number of individuals. Probably isolated for several generations, random phenotypic variation in the strongly declined populations can be hypothesised. We analysed U. laevis trees grown in a field trial with a single-tree-plot design (completely randomised). The plants were vegetatively propagated through cuttings from nearly all known natural relict populations in Flanders. We analysed three short-shoot leaves from different ramets from different genotypes from eleven natural populations. Leaf size and shape variables were computed using landmark and procruste methods. We visualised the variability in leaf morphology in a principal component analysis (PCA) including shape, size, and categorical morphological variables. The variance structure of the morphological variables was studied applying mixed modelling methods. The overall PCA distinguished two deviating natural populations. The Zandhoven population showed a deviating simple leaf margin toothing, correlated with larger numbers of split secondary veins. The Halle population is characterised by absence of pubescence at the lower side of the leaves. Both relict populations with deviating morphological leaf characteristics may point to an ecotype evolution putatively due to isolation combined with greatly diminished population sizes. The variance structure analysis of individual leaf variables showed that the deviating categorical leaf characters are under stronger genetic control (specialist characters) compared to the more plastic variables. Keywords Fragmentation General linear mixed models Geometric morphometrics Isolation Morphological divergence Random drift