Transcranial Cortical Stimulation in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders: Efficacy Studies

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• 作者：Ghassen Saba (1) (3)
  Albert Moukheiber (1)
  Antoine Pelissolo (1) (2)
  
  1. Service de Psychiatrie ; AP-HP ; H么pitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor ; Cr茅teil ; 94000 ; France
  3. H么pital Albert-Chenevier ; 40 ; rue de Mesly ; F-94000 ; Creteil ; France
  2. Facult茅 de M茅decine ; Universit茅 Paris-Est ; Cr茅teil ; 94000 ; France
  
• 关键词：Obsessive ; compulsive disorder ; tDCS ; rTMS ; Stimulation
• 刊名：Current Psychiatry Reports
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：May 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：17
• 期：5
• 全文大小：829 KB
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• 刊物主题：Psychiatry;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1535-1645

文摘

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are non-invasive brain stimulation methods that became widely used as therapeutic tools during the past two decades especially in cases of depression and schizophrenia. Low frequency rTMS and cathodal effect of tDCS inhibits cortical functioning while high frequency and anodal effect of tDCS have the opposite effect. Prolonged and repetitive application of either methods leads to changes in excitability of the human cortex that outlast the period of stimulation. Both rTMS and tDCS induce functional changes in the brain-modulating neural activity at cortical level. This paper reviews rTMS and tDCS effects in clinical trials for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Low frequency rTMS, particularly targeting the supplementary motor area and the orbital frontal cortex, seems to be the most promising in terms of therapeutic efficacy while older studies targeting the prefrontal dorsal cortex were not as successful. tDCS clearly needs to be investigated in large scale and sufficiently powered randomized control studies. From a general point of view, these non-invasive techniques hold promise as novel therapeutic tools for OCD patients.