Life in the Main Channel: Long-Term Hydrologic Control of Microbial Mat Abundance in McMurdo Dry Valley Streams, Antarctica
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  • 作者：Tyler J. Kohler (1)
    Lee F. Stanish (1) (2)
    Steven W. Crisp (1)
    Joshua C. Koch (1) (3)
    Daniel Liptzin (1)
    Jenny L. Baeseman (1) (4) (5)
    Diane M. McKnight (1)

    1. Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research     ; University of Colorado ; 1560 30th Street ; Boulder ; Colorado ; 80303 ; USA
    2. Molecular     ; Cellular ; and Developmental Biology ; University of Colorado ; 347 UCB ; Boulder ; Colorado ; 80309 ; USA
    3. U.S. Geological Survey     ; Alaska Science Center ; 4210 University Dr. ; Anchorage ; Alaska ; 99508 ; USA
    4. Climate and Cryosphere     ; Norwegian Polar Institute ; Fram Centre ; Hjalmar Johansens Gate 14 ; 9296 ; Troms枚 ; Norway
    5. International Arctic Research Center     ; University of Alaska ; PO Box 757340 ; Fairbanks ; Alaska ; 99775 ; USA
  • 关键词：algae ; cyanobacteria ; climate change ; resilience ; ecology ; polar region
  • 刊名：Ecosystems
  • 出版年：2015
  • 出版时间：March 2015
  • 年：2015
  • 卷：18
  • 期：2
  • 页码：310-327
  • 全文大小：1,474 KB
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  • 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
  • 刊物主题：Life Sciences
    Ecology
    Plant Sciences
    Zoology
    Environmental Management
    Geoecology and Natural Processes
    Nature Conservation
  • 出版者：Springer New York
  • ISSN：1435-0629
文摘
Given alterations in global hydrologic regime, we examine the role of hydrology in regulating stream microbial mat abundance in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Here, perennial mats persist as a desiccated crust until revived by summer streamflow, which varies inter-annually, and has increased since the 1990s. We predicted high flows to scour mats, and intra-seasonal drying to slow growth. Responses were hypothesized to differ based on mat location within streams, along with geomorphology, which may promote (high coverage) or discourage (low coverage) accrual. We compared hydrologic trends with the biomass of green and orange mats, which grow in the channel, and black mats growing at stream margins for 16 diverse stream transects over two decades. We found mat biomass collectively decreased during first decade coinciding with low flows, and increased following elevated discharges. Green mat biomass showed the greatest correlations with hydrology and was stimulated by discharge in high coverage transects, but negatively correlated in low coverage due to habitat scour. In contrast, orange mat biomass was negatively related to flow in high coverage transects, but positively correlated in low coverage because of side-channel expansion. Black mats were weakly correlated with all hydrologic variables regardless of coverage. Lastly, model selection indicated the best combination of predictive hydrologic variables for biomass differed between mat types, but also high and low coverage transects. These results demonstrate the importance of geomorphology and species composition to modeling primary production, and will be useful in predicting ecological responses of benthic habitats to altered hydrologic regimes.

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