The Influence of the Effect of Solute on the Thermodynamic Driving Force on Grain Refinement of Al Alloys

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• 作者：Feng Wang (1) (3)
  Zhi-Lin Liu (1)
  Dong Qiu (1)
  John A. Taylor (1)
  Mark A. Easton (2) (4)
  Ming-Xing Zhang (1)
  
  1. School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering ; The University of Queensland ; Brisbane ; QLD ; 4072 ; Australia
  3. Brunel Centre for Advanced Solidification Technology ; Brunel University ; Uxbridge ; Middlesex ; UB8 3PH ; UK
  2. School of Materials Science and Engineering ; Monash University ; Clayton ; VIC ; 3800 ; Australia
  4. School of Aerospace Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering ; RMIT University ; Bundoora ; VIC ; 3083 ; Australia
  
• 刊名：Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：January 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：46
• 期：1
• 页码：505-515
• 全文大小：2,085 KB
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• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Materials Science
  Metallic Materials
  Structural Materials
  Physical Chemistry
  Ceramics,Glass,Composites,Natural Materials
  
• 出版者：Springer Boston
• ISSN：1543-1940

文摘

Grain refinement is known to be strongly affected by the solute in cast alloys. Addition of some solute can reduce grain size considerably while others have a limited effect. This is usually attributed to the constitutional supercooling which is quantified by the growth restriction factor, Q. However, one factor that has not been considered is whether different solutes have differing effects on the thermodynamic driving force for solidification. This paper reveals that addition of solute reduces the driving force for solidification for a given undercooling, and that for a particular Q value, it is reduced more substantially when adding eutectic-forming solutes than peritectic-forming elements. Therefore, compared with the eutectic-forming solutes, addition of peritectic-forming solutes into Al alloys not only possesses a higher initial nucleation rate resulted from the larger thermodynamic driving force for solidification, but also promotes nucleation within the constitutionally supercooled zone during growth. As subsequent nucleation can occur at smaller constitutional supercoolings for peritectic-forming elements, a smaller grain size is thus produced. The very small constitutional supercooling required to trigger subsequent nucleation in alloys containing Ti is considered as a major contributor to its extraordinary grain refining efficiency in cast Al alloys even without the deliberate addition of inoculants.