On the Transferability of the Concept of Drinking Water Protection Zones from EU to Latin American Countries

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Matthias Walcher (1)
  Helge Bormann (2) (3)
  
  1. Department of Hydrosciences ; TU Dresden ; Bergstrasse 66 ; 01062 ; Dresden ; Germany
  2. Department of Research and Knowledge Transfer ; Jade University of Applied Sciences ; Ofener Stra脽e 16/19 ; 26121 ; Oldenburg ; Germany
  3. Department of Civil Engineering ; University of Siegen ; Paul-Bonatz Stra脽e 9-11 ; 57068 ; Siegen ; Germany
  
• 关键词：Surface water quality ; Legal texts ; Reservoir ; Protection zones ; Catchment management
• 刊名：Water Resources Management
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：April 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：29
• 期：6
• 页码：1803-1822
• 全文大小：1,355 KB
• 参考文献：1. Ad煤riz, MA, Gargano, AO, Chimeno, P, Saldungaray, MC, Conti, VP (2003) Caracterizaci贸n de los agrosistemas predominantes de la cuenca alta del R铆o Sauce Grande. Revista de Investigaciones Agropecuarias 32: pp. 3-26
  2. Andr茅s F, Bambill E, Bandoni A, Campa帽a H, Carrica J, Cifuentes O, Parodi ER, Piccolo C, Poggio J, Varela H, Schefer JC (2009) Informe T茅cnico sobre Aspectos Relevantes de la Problem谩tica del Agua en la Regi贸n de Bah铆a Blanca. UTN Facultad Regional Bah铆a Blanca, UNS
  3. Araral, E, Wang, Y (2013) Water governance 2.0: a review and second generation research agenda. Water Resour Manag 27: pp. 3945-3957 CrossRef
  4. Biswas, AK (2004) Integrated water resources management: a reassessment. Water Int 29: pp. 248-256 CrossRef
  5. Bormann H, Althoff I (2012) (Eds.) Watershed Management and Rural Sanitation. Examples from different continents, perspectives for Latin America. University of Siegen. FWU-Series 3/2013, 164聽pp
  6. Bormann H, Althoff I (2013) (Eds.) Towards sustainable water quality management. Influencing factors, case studies, exemplary tools, and strategies. University of Siegen. FWU-Series 5/2013, 160 pp
  7. Bormann, H, Ahlhorn, F, Klenke, T (2012) Adaptation of water management to regional climate change in a coastal region鈥攈ydrological change versus community perception and strategies. J Hydrol 454鈥?55: pp. 64-75 CrossRef
  8. BRD (2001) TrinkwV 2001. Trinkwasserverordnung. Verordnung zur Novellierung der Trinkwasserverordnung vom 21.5.2001 (BGBl. I p. 959), neugefasst am 28.11.2011 (BGBl. I p. 2370), zuletzt ge盲ndert am 5.12.2012 (BGBl. I p. 2562). Bundesrepublik Deutschland
  9. BRD (2009) WHG. Wasserhaushaltsgesetz. Gesetz zur Ordnung des Wasserhaushalts vom 31.7.2009 (BGBl. I p. 2585), zuletzt ge盲ndert am 8.4.2013 (BGBl. I p. 734,741). Bundesrepublik Deutschland
  10. Brzezinski MLNL (2012) Legal Aspects of water management and sanitation in Brazil. In: Bormann H, Althoff I (Eds.) Watershed Management and Rural Sanitation - Examples from different continents, perspectives for Latin America. University of Siegen. FWU-Series 3/2013, 48鈥?2
  11. Bundschuh, J, Litter, MI, Parvez, F, Rom谩n-Ross, G, Nicolli, HB, Jean, JS, Liu, CW, L贸pez, D, Armienta, MA, Guilherme, LRG, Cuevas, AG, Cornejo, L, Cumbal, L, Toujaguez, R (2012) One century of arsenic exposure in Latin America: a review of history and occurrence from 14 countries. Sci Total Environ 429: pp. 2-35 CrossRef
  12. Provincia de Buenos Aires (1996) Ley N掳 11.820. Agua potable y desag眉es. http://www.gob.gba.gov.ar/legislacion/legislacion/l-11820.html (access date: 15.7.2014)
  13. Ger贸nimo, E, Aparicio, VC, B谩rbaro, S, Portocarrero, R, Jaime, S, Costa, JL (2014) Presence of pesticides in surface water from four sub-basins in Argentina. Chemosphere 107: pp. 423-431 CrossRef
  14. DVGW (1995) Richtlinien f眉r Trinkwasserschutzgebiete; 1. Teil Schutzgebiete f眉r Grundwasser. Technische Regel, Arbeitsblatt W101
  15. DVGW (2002) Richtlinien f眉r Trinkwasserschutzgebiete, Teil 2: Schutzgebiete f眉r Talsperren. Technische Regel, Arbeitsblatt W102
  16. EG (1991) Council Directive of 12 December 1991 concerning the protection of waters against pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources (91/676/EEC).
  17. EG (1998) Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3.11.1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption.
  18. EG (2000) Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23.10.2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy
  19. EG (2008) Directive 2008/105/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16.12.2008 on environmental quality standards in the field of water policy, amending and subsequently repealing Council Directives 82/176/EEC, 83/513/EEC, 84/156/EEC, 84/491/EEC, 86/280/EEC and amending Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council
  20. Fadlelmawla, AA, Fayad, M, El-Gamily, H (2011) A land surface zoning approach based on three-component risk criteria for groundwater quality protection. Water Resour Manag 25: pp. 1677-1697 CrossRef
  21. Fern谩ndez C (2010) Caracterizaci貌n limnol貌gica de un ambiente eutr貌fico: el embalse Paso de las Piedras, Argentina. Bioecolog矛a del fitoplancton. Dissertation, UNS FRBB
  22. Gonzalez M, Frank C, Weinmeister C, Sartor A (2014) Strengthening Environmental Awareness. In: Steinbrecher J, Althoff I, Bormann H, Roth H (Eds.) CapWEM series, Vol. 6, 30 pp
  23. INN (2005) Norma Chilena Oficial NCh 409/1.Of.2005. Agua Potable 鈥?Parte 1: Requisitos. 鈥?Instituto Nacional de Normatizaci贸n, Santiago de Chile
  24. Kaiser, RD, Reinert, DJ, Reichert, JM, Streck, CA, Pellegrini, A (2010) Nitrate and ammonium in the soil solution in tobacco crop management systems. Brazilian J Soil Sci 34: pp. 379-387
  25. Kaplowitz, MD, Lupi, F, Arreola, O (2012) Local markets for payments for environmental services: can small rural communities self-finance watershed protection?. Water Resour Manag 26: pp. 3689-3704 CrossRef
  26. MSAAS (1994) C贸digo Alimentario Argentino. Resoluci贸n Ministerio de la Salud de Argentina y Acci贸n Social N掳494 del 7.7.1994. Normas Oficiales para la Calidad del Agua Argentina, Buenos Aires
  27. MSB (2011) Portaria n掳2.914. Disp玫e sobre os procedimentos de controle e de vigil芒ncia da qualidade da 谩gua para consumo humano e seu padr茫o de potabilidade. Di谩rio Oficial da Uni茫o, Minist茅rio da Sa煤de, Bras铆lia
  28. Nel, J, Xu, Y, Batelaan, O, Brendonck, L (2009) Benefit and implementation of groundwater protection zoning in South Africa. Water Resour Manag 23: pp. 2895-2911 CrossRef
  29. Orioli, G, Sabbatini, M, Marchena, J, V脿zquez, R (2008) The impact of agricultural land use on stream chemistry and inputs to an inland reservoir: case of the Sauce Grande River, Argentina. Hydrol Sci J 53: pp. 834-843 CrossRef
  30. RA (1994) Ley N掳 24.430. Constituci贸n de la Naci贸n Argentina, 22.8.1994. http://infoleg.mecon.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/0-4999/804/norma.htm (access date: 15.7.2014)
  31. Rogers P (2002) Water governance in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, Washington D.C
  32. Schefer JC (2004) Los recursos hidricos y el abastecimiento de agua, Region de Bah矛a Blanca
  33. UN (2005) The Millennium Development Goals: A Latin American and Carribean Perspective. United Nations Publications. Santiago de Chile. 321 p
  34. UN (2013) The Millennium Development Goals Report 2013. United Nations. New York. 60 p
  35. Walcher M (2013) Vergleichende Bewertung von Gesetzen, Richtlinien und Arbeitshilfen zur Bewirtschaftung von Trinkwassertalsperren in der EU und in Lateinamerika. Bachelor thesis. TU Dresden. 111 p
  36. WHO (2004) Guidelines for drinking-water quality, 3rd edn. WHO, Geneva
  Guidelines for drinking-water quality. WHO, Geneva
  37. WHO (2014) Health through safe drinking water and basic sanitation. www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/mdg1/en/ (access date: 15.7.2014)
  38. World Water Council (2004) Water problems in Latin America. 4th World Water Forum. www.worldwatercoucil.org (access date: 15.11.2014)
  39. Zhu, Y, Balke, KD (2008) Groundwater protection: what can we learn from Germany?. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 9: pp. 227-231 CrossRef
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Hydrogeology
  Geotechnical Engineering
  Meteorology and Climatology
  Civil Engineering
  Environment
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-1650

文摘

The present study compares different legal texts on the quality of drinking water, the protection of surface waters and the establishment of drinking water protection areas in the European Union and selected countries in Latin America: Argentina, Brazil and Chile. In the context of a case study, carried out for the Argentine drinking water reservoir Paso de las Piedras, current management practice, its deficits in terms of catchment management practice and possible improvements are discussed based on the concept of water protection zones. The comparison of drinking water standards reveals that the regulations in the investigated Latin American countries comply with the standards of the Wold Health Organisation, while some differences are detected compared to the standards defined by the European Union (e.g., use of bulk parameters; individual standards). While within the European Union the definition and establishment of drinking water protection zones is a standard procedure, it is not explicitly suggested by national Latin American Laws. However, establishment of protection zones for drinking water reservoirs is feasible in accordance with water and environmental laws. The case study reveals that enforcement of the respective laws mostly fails. Protection zones are not implemented. Based on the findings, and according to European and German regulations on water protection zones, measures are suggested how to improve the raw water quality in the reservoir. Recommendations are provided for Latin American countries in general.