Characterisation of Toll-like receptors 4, 5 and 7 and their genetic variation in the grey partridge

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• 作者：Michal Vinkler ; Hana Bainová ; Anna Bryjová ; Old?ich Tomá?ek ; Tomá? Albrecht…
• 关键词：Gene transcription ; Pattern recognition receptors ; Polymorphism ; Population decrease ; Protein structure ; Variability reduction
• 刊名：Genetica
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：February 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：143
• 期：1
• 页码：101-112
• 全文大小：1,035 KB
• 参考文献：1. Akira S, Uematsu S, Takeuchi O (2006) Pathogen recognition and innate immunity. Cell 124:783-01. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.02.015 j.cell.2006.02.015" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRef
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  3. Andersen LW, Kahlert J (2012) Genetic indications of translocated and stocked grey partridges ( / Perdix perdix): does the indigenous Danish grey partridge still exist? Biol J Lin Soc 105:694-10. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01833.x j.1095-8312.2011.01833.x" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRef
  4. Andersen-Nissen E, Smith KD, Bonneau R, Strong RK, Aderem A (2007) A conserved surface on Toll-like receptor 5 recognizes bacterial flagellin. J Exp Med 204:393-03. doi:10.1084/jem.20061400 jem.20061400" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRef
  5. Bainova H, Kralova T, Bryjova A, Albrecht T, Bryja J et al (2014) First evidence of independent pseudogenization of Toll-like receptor 5 in passerine birds. Dev Comp Immunol 45:151-55. doi:10.1016/j.dci.2014.02.010 j.dci.2014.02.010" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRef
  6. Bao XK, Liu NF, Qu JY, Wang XL, An B et al (2010) The phylogenetic position and speciation dynamics of the genus / Perdix (Phasianidae, Galliformes). Mol Phylogenet Evol 56:840-47. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.03.038 j.ympev.2010.03.038" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRef
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  8. Bell JK, Mullen GED, Leifer CA, Mazzoni A, Davies DR et al (2003) Leucine-rich repeats and pathogen recognition in Toll-like receptors. Trends Immunol 24:528-33. doi:10.1016/s1471-4906(03)00242-4 CrossRef
  9. Bonilla AJ, Braun EL, Kimball RT (2010) Comparative molecular evolution and phylogenetic utility of 3-UTRs and introns in Galliformes. Mol Phylogenet Evol 56:536-42. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.04.006 j.ympev.2010.04.006" target="_blank" title="It opens in new window">CrossRef
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• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Life Sciences
  Animal Genetics and Genomics
  Plant Genetics and Genomics
  Human Genetics
  Microbial Genetics and Genomics
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-6857

文摘

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a cornerstone of vertebrate innate immunity. In this study, we identified orthologues of TLR4, TLR5 and TLR7 (representing both bacterial- and viral-sensing TLRs) in the grey partridge (Perdix perdix), a European Galliform game bird species. The phylogeny of all three TLR genes follows the known phylogeny of Galloanserae birds, placing grey partridge TLRs (PePeTLRs) in close proximity to their turkey and pheasant orthologues. The predicted proteins encoded by the PePeTLR genes were 843, 862-63 and 1,047 amino acids long, respectively, and clearly showed all TLR structural features. To verify functionality in these genes we mapped their tissue-expression profiles, revealing generally high PePeTLR4 and PePeTLR5 expression in the thymus and absence of PePeTLR4 and PePeTLR7 expression in the brain. Using 454 next-generation sequencing, we then assessed genetic variation within these genes for a wild grey partridge population in the Czech Republic, EU. We identified 11 nucleotide substitutions in PePeTLR4, eight in PePeTLR5 and six in PePeTLR7, resulting in four, four and three amino acid replacements, respectively. Given their locations and chemical features, most of these non-synonymous substitutions probably have a minor functional impact. As the intraspecific genetic variation of the three TLR genes was low, we assume that either negative selection or a bottleneck may have reduced TLR population variability in this species.