Elimination of viruses from domestic wastewater: requirements and technologies

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• 作者：Chong-Miao Zhang ; Li-Mei Xu ; Peng-Cheng Xu…
• 关键词：Virus ; Domestic wastewater ; Removal ; Inactivation
• 刊名：World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：32
• 期：4
• 全文大小：449 KB
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• 作者单位：Chong-Miao Zhang (1)
  Li-Mei Xu (1)
  Peng-Cheng Xu (1)
  Xiaochang C. Wang (1)
  
  1. Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, 710055, China
  
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Applied Microbiology
  Biotechnology
  Biochemistry
  Environmental Biotechnology
  Microbiology
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-0972

文摘

Domestic wastewater contains various pathogens, which, if not sufficiently eliminated, may enter the receiving water bodies and cause water-transmitted diseases. Among the waterborne pathogens, viruses may occur, survive and/or decay much differently from bacteria in water. In many cases, the diseases caused by viruses are more severe. Therefore, research efforts are mainly directed at the behavior of viruses in water environments, as well as the elimination of viruses from wastewater. In this paper, an overview of the occurrence of viruses in wastewater is presented, together with their categories, methods of detection and potential to cause waterborne diseases. As wastewater treatment plants are critical nodes for the influx and termination of virus transmission, the behavior of viruses at each stage of treatment is reviewed. Particular attention is paid to the unit operations, which play crucial roles in virus removals, such as coagulation and membrane filtration, and that for virus inactivation, such as chemical disinfection and UV irradiation. Future needs for the development of new technologies for virus elimination, source control, and finding more suitable indicators of viral pathogens are also highlighted.