Snowfall-related deterioration behavior of the Ming Great Wall in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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• 作者：Tianbiao Pu ; Wenwu Chen ; Yumin Du ; Wenjuan Li ; Na Su
• 关键词：Deterioration ; Snowfall ; Ming Great Wall ; Freeze–thaw cycle ; Salinization
• 刊名：Natural Hazards
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：December 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：84
• 期：3
• 页码：1539-1550
• 全文大小：1,769 KB
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Hydrogeology
  Geophysics and Geodesy
  Geotechnical Engineering
  Civil Engineering
  Environmental Management
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-0840
• 卷排序：84

文摘

The Ming Great Wall in the Qinghai Province is an important section of the Great Wall of China. Most of this section is fabricated with rammed earth. The preserving environment of the Ming Great Wall is characterized by frequent snowfalls in winter, strong evaporation, and large diurnal temperature variations. Nearly all types of deterioration, including crazing, gully erosion, surface crust erosion, bottom sapping, and collapses, are evident in the Ming Great Wall in the Qinghai Province. Based on field investigations, the snowfall in winter and the presence of soluble salts are the primary factors causing the deterioration of the rammed earth. To investigate the coupled effect of freeze–thaw cycles and salinization on this deterioration process, a series of geotechnical tests are performed at Lanzhou University using samples collected from the collapse accumulation near the earthen sites. The test results showed that the microstructure damage in the rammed-earth materials caused by the freeze–thaw cycles and salinization is the primary controlling factor for the deterioration process of rammed-earth structures.