End Points of Traumatic Brain Injury Resuscitation

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Hadley K. H. Wesson ; Rahul Anand ; Paula Ferrada
• 关键词：Traumatic brain injury (TBI) ; Prognosis ; Outcome ; IMPACT ; CRASH
• 刊名：Current Trauma Reports
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：September 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：1
• 期：3
• 页码：147-154
• 全文大小：283KB
• 参考文献：Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: 鈥?Of importance 鈥⑩€?Of major importance1.Maas AI, Stocchetti N, Bullock R. Moderate and severe traumatic brain injury in adults. Lancet Neurol. 2008;7:728鈥?1.CrossRef PubMed
  2.鈥?/div>Rosenfeld JV, Maas AI, Bragge P, et al. Early management of severe traumatic brain injury. Lancet. 2012;380:1088鈥?8. This review article explores the role of decompressive craniectomy in the setting of TBI, potential pharmicologic agents, such as erythropoietin, statins, and tranexamic acid, and invasive monitoring, such as cerebral oximetry and microdialysis.CrossRef PubMed
  3.Stein SC, Georgoff P, Meghan S, et al. 150 years of treating severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review of progress in mortality. J Neurotrauma. 2010;27:1343鈥?3.CrossRef PubMed
  4.鈥?/div>Stevens RD, Sutter R. Prognosis in severe brain injury. Crit Care Med. 2013;41:1104鈥?3. This review article explored updates on neurologic prognosis following traumatic brain injury and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy following cardiac arrest.CrossRef PubMed
  5.Lingsma HF, Roozenbeek B, Steyerberg EW, et al. Early prognosis in traumatic brain injury: from prophecies to predictions. Lancet Neurol. 2010;9:543鈥?4.CrossRef PubMed
  6.Wijdicks EFM, Bamler WR, et al. Validation of a new coma scale: the FOUR score. Ann Neurol. 2005;58:585鈥?3.CrossRef PubMed
  7.Choi SC, Ward JD, Becker DP. Chart for outcome prediction in severe head injury. J Neurosurg. 1983;59:294鈥?.CrossRef PubMed
  8.Narayan RK, Greenberg RP, Miller JD, et al. Improved confidence of outcome prediction in severe head injury. A comparative analysis of the clinical examination, multimodality evoked potentials, Ct scanning, and intracranial pressure. J Neurosurg. 1981;54:751鈥?2.CrossRef PubMed
  9.Husson EC, Ribbers GM, Willemse-van Son AH, et al. Prognosis of Six-month functioning after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: a systematic review of prospective cohort studies. J Rehabil Med. 2010;42:425鈥?6.CrossRef PubMed
  10.鈥?/div>Leitgeb J, Mauritz W, Brazinova A, et al. Glasgow coma scale score at intensive care unit discharge predicts the 1-year outcome of patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2013;39:285鈥?2. This retropspective study finds the GCS score at the time of ICU discharge is a good predictor of TBI outcome at 1-year, with a GCS鈥?lt;鈥?0 consitent with an unfavorable outcome.PubMed Central CrossRef PubMed
  11.Kevric J, Jelinek GA, Knott J, et al. Validation of the full outline of unresponsiveness (four) scale for conscious state in the emergency department: comparison against the Glasgow coma scale. Emerg Med J. 2011;28:486鈥?0.CrossRef PubMed
  12.Sadaka F, Patel D, Lakshmanan R. The four score predicts outcome in patients after traumatic brain injury. Neurocrit Care. 2012;16:95鈥?01.CrossRef PubMed
  13.Zhu GW, Wang F, Liu WG. Classification and prediction of outcome in traumatic brain injury based on computed tomographic imaging. J Int Med Res. 2009;37:983鈥?5.CrossRef PubMed
  14.Maas AI, Hukkelhoven CW, Marshall LF, et al. Prediction of outcome in traumatic brain injury with computed tomographic characteristics: a comparison between the computed tomographic classification and combinations of computed tomographic predictors. Neurosurgery. 2005;57:1173鈥?2. discussion 1173-1182.CrossRef PubMed
  15.Nelson DW, Nystrom H, MacCallum RM, et al. Extended analysis of early computed tomography scans of traumatic brain injured patients and relations to outcome. J Neurotrauma. 2010;27:51鈥?4.CrossRef PubMed
  16.IMPACT group. Impact: International Mission for Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in Tbi. 2014. Available at: http://鈥媤ww.鈥媡bi-impact.鈥媜rg . Accessed 15 Oct 2014.
  17.MRC Crash Trial Collaborators. Head Injury Prognosis. 2007. Available at: http://鈥媤ww.鈥媡rialscoordinati鈥媙gcentre.鈥媗shtm.鈥媋c.鈥媢k/鈥婻iskcalculator/鈥媔ndex.鈥媓tml . Accessed 15 Oct 2014.
  18.Mata-Mbemba D, Mugikura S, Nakagawa A, et al. Early CT findings to predict early death in patients with traumatic brain injury: Marshall and Rotterdam CT scoring systems compared in the major academic tertiary care hospital in Northeastern Japan. Acad Radiol. 2014;21:605鈥?1.CrossRef PubMed
  19.Calvi MR, Beretta L, Dell鈥橝cqua A, et al. Early prognosis after severe traumatic brain injury with minor or absent computed tomography scan lesions. J Trauma. 2011;70:447鈥?1.CrossRef PubMed
  20.Galanaud D, Perlbarg V, Gupta R, et al. Assessment of white matter injury and outcome in severe brain trauma: a prospective multicenter cohort. Anesthesiology. 2012;117:1300鈥?0.CrossRef PubMed
  21.Marino R, Gasparotti R, Pinelli L, et al. Posttraumatic cerebral infarction in patients with moderate or severe head trauma. Neurology. 2006;67:1165鈥?1.CrossRef PubMed
  22.Chang JJ, Youn TS, Benson D, et al. Physiologic and functional outcome correlates of brain tissue hypoxia in traumatic brain injury. Crit Care Med. 2009;37:283鈥?0.CrossRef PubMed
  23.Purins K, Lewen A, Hillered L, et al. Brain tissue oxygenation and cerebral metabolic patterns in focal and diffuse traumatic brain injury. Front Neurol. 2014;5:64.PubMed Central CrossRef PubMed
  24.Prabhakar H, Sandhu K, Bhagat H, et al. Current concepts of optimal cerebral perfusion pressure in traumatic brain injury. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2014;30:318鈥?7.PubMed Central CrossRef PubMed
  25.Moreno JA, Mesalles E, Gener J, et al. Evaluating the outcome of severe head injury with transcranial doppler ultrasonography. Neurosurg Focus. 2000;8, e8.CrossRef PubMed
  26.Ract C, Le Moigno S, Bruder N, et al. Transcranial doppler ultrasound goal-directed therapy for the early management of severe traumatic brain injury. Intensive Care Med. 2007;33:645鈥?1.CrossRef PubMed
  27.Timofeev I, Carpenter KL, Nortje J, et al. Cerebral extracellular chemistry and outcome following traumatic brain injury: a microdialysis study of 223 patients. Brain. 2011;134:484鈥?4.CrossRef PubMed
  28.Thelin EP, Nelson DW, Ghatan PH, et al. Microdialysis monitoring of CSF parameters in severe traumatic brain injury patients: a novel approach. Front Neurol. 2014;5:159.PubMed Central CrossRef PubMed
  29.Vespa PM, McArthur DL, Xu Y, et al. Nonconvulsive seizures after traumatic brain injury are associated with hippocampal atrophy. Neurology. 2010;75:792鈥?.PubMed Central CrossRef PubMed
  30.Vespa PM, Nuwer MR, Nenov V, et al. Increased incidence and impact of nonconvulsive and convulsive seizures after traumatic brain injury as detected by continuous electroencephalographic monitoring. J Neurosurg. 1999;91:750鈥?0.PubMed Central CrossRef PubMed
  31.Brain Trauma F, American Association of Neurological S, Congress of Neurological S, et al. Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury. X. brain oxygen monitoring and thresholds. J Neurotrauma 2007;24 Suppl 1:S65鈥?0.
  32.MRC Crash Trial Collaborators, Perel P, Arango M, et al. Predicting outcome after traumatic brain injury: practical prognostic models based on large cohort of international patients. BMJ. 2008;336:425鈥?.PubMed Central CrossRef
  33.Steyerberg EW, Mushkudiani N, Perel P, et al. Predicting outcome after traumatic brain injury: development and international validation of prognostic scores based on admission characteristics. PLoS Med. 2008;5, e165. discussion e165.PubMed Central CrossRef PubMed
  34.鈥⑩€?/div>Roozenbeek B, Lingsma HF, Lecky FE, et al. Prediction of outcome after moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: external validation of the international mission on prognosis and analysis of clinical trials (Impact) and Corticoid Randomisation after Significant Head Injury (Crash) Prognostic models. Crit Care Med. 2012;40:1609鈥?7. This external validation study compared the IMPACT and the CRASH prognostic models to predict outcome after moderate or severe traumatic brain injury.PubMed Central CrossRef PubMed
  35.Olivecrona M, Koskinen LO. The impact prognosis calculator used in patients with severe traumatic brain injury treated with an Icp-targeted therapy. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2012;154:1567鈥?3.CrossRef
  36.Honeybul S, Ho KM. Use of the crash study prognosis calculator in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. J Clin Neurosci. 2013;20:1808鈥?0.CrossRef PubMed
  37.Honeybul S, Ho KM, Lind CR, et al. Observed versus predicted outcome for decompressive craniectomy: a population-based study. J Neurotrauma. 2010;27:1225鈥?2.CrossRef PubMed
  38. Honeybul S, Ho KM, Lind CR, et al. The retrospective application of a prediction model to patients who have had a decompressive craniectomy for trauma. J Neurotrauma. 2009;26:2179鈥?3.CrossRef PubMed
  39.Honeybul S, Ho KM, Lind CR, et al. Decompressive craniectomy for neurotrauma: the limitations of applying an outcome prediction model. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2010;152:959鈥?4.CrossRef
  40.Olivecrona M, Olivecrona Z. Use of the crash study prognosis calculator in patients with severe traumatic brain injury treated with an intracranial pressure-targeted therapy. J Clin Neurosci. 2013;20:996鈥?001.CrossRef PubMed
  41.Schwarzbold ML, Rial D, De Bem T, et al. Effects of traumatic brain injury of different severities on emotional, cognitive, and oxidative stress-related parameters in mice. J Neurotrauma. 2010;27:1883鈥?3.CrossRef PubMed
  42.Schneider Soares FM, Menezes de Souza N, Liborio Schwarzbold M, et al. Interleukin-10 is an independent biomarker of severe traumatic brain injury prognosis. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2012;19:377鈥?5.CrossRef PubMed
  43.Vos PE, Jacobs B, Andriessen TM, et al. Gfap and S100b are biomarkers of traumatic brain injury: an observational cohort study. Neurology. 2010;75:1786鈥?3.CrossRef PubMed
  44.Wiesmann M, Steinmeier E, Magerkurth O, et al. Outcome prediction in traumatic brain injury: comparison of neurological status, Ct findings, and blood levels of S100b and gfap. Acta Neurol Scand. 2010;121:178鈥?5.CrossRef PubMed
  45.Bohmer AE, Oses JP, Schmidt AP, et al. Neuron-specific enolase, S100b, and glial fibrillary acidic protein levels as outcome predictors in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Neurosurgery. 2011;68:1624鈥?0. discussion 1630鈥?621.CrossRef PubMed
  46.Mercier E, Boutin A, Lauzier F, et al. Predictive value of S-100beta protein for prognosis in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2013;346:f1757.CrossRef PubMed
  
• 作者单位：Hadley K. H. Wesson (1)
  Rahul Anand (2)
  Paula Ferrada (2)
  
  1. Department of General Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23225, USA
  2. Division of Acute Care Surgical Services, Department of General Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Traumatic Surgery; Surgery; Emergency Medicine; Intensive / Critical Care Medicine; Rehabilitation;
• 刊物主题：Traumatic Surgery; Surgery; Emergency Medicine; Intensive / Critical Care Medicine; Rehabilitation;
• 出版者：Springer International Publishing
• ISSN：2198-6096

文摘

Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an insult severe enough to cause an acute and persistent loss of consciousness with a significant risk of death or disability. Worldwide, it is a leading cause of death, especially for younger people less than 50 years of age. Over the last two decades, we have made significant progress in our understanding of the pathophysiology of TBI. This however has not resulted in substantial improvements in outcome, as the incidence of TBI continues to increase and mortality rates remain relatively unchanged. To better understand the long-term outcome and end points in TBI resuscitation, tools to predict a patient鈥檚 prognosis becomes essential. In this review, we discuss the role of clinical assessment, as such the Glasgow Coma Scale and the Full Outline of UnResponsiveness Score, neuroimaging, including computed tomography (CT) and MRI, and current research innovations, such as the biomarkers, to predict TBI outcomes. Additionally, we describe the clinical implications of using prognostic models, such as the International Mission on Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials in TBI (IMPACT) database models and the Corticosteroid Randomization after Significant Head Injury (CRASH) trial data models to calculate TBI outcome. Keywords Traumatic brain injury (TBI) Prognosis Outcome IMPACT CRASH