Anaerobic ammonium oxidation in sediments of surface flow constructed wetlands treating swine wastewater

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• 作者：Liang Chen ; Feng Liu ; Fen Jia ; Ya-jun Hu ; Cui Lai…
• 关键词：Anammox ; Constructed wetlands ; Swine wastewater ; N removal ; Phylogenetic analyses
• 刊名：Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：101
• 期：3
• 页码：1301-1311
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Microbiology; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Biotechnology;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0614
• 卷排序：101

文摘

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) was suggested to be involved in the nitrogen (N) removal process in constructed wetlands (CWs). Nevertheless, its occurrence and role in CWs treating swine wastewater have not been well evaluated yet. In this study, we investigated the diversity, activity, and role of anammox bacteria in sediments of mesoscale surface flow CWs (SFCWs) subjected to different N loads of swine wastewater. We found that anammox bacteria were abundant in SFCW sediments, as indicated by 7.5 × 105 to 3.5 × 106 copies of the marker hzsB gene per gram of dry soil. Based on stable isotope tracing, potential anammox rates ranged from 1.03 to 12.5 nmol N g−1 dry soil h−1, accounting for 8.63–57.1% of total N₂ production. We estimated that a total N removal rate of 0.83–2.68 kg N year−1 was linked to the anammox process, representing ca. 10% of the N load. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) revealed the presence of multiple co-occurring anammox genera, including “Candidatus Brocadia” as the most common one, “Ca. Kuenenia,” “Ca. Scalindua,” and four novel unidentified clusters. Correlation analyses suggested that the activity and abundance of anammox bacteria were strongly related to sediments pH, NH₄+-N, and NO₂−-N. In conclusion, our results confirmed the presence of diverse anammox bacteria and indicated that the anammox process could serve as a promising N removal pathway in the treatment of swine wastewater by SFCWs.