BackgroundIntradialytic hypotension and myocardial stunning are proposed as contributing to the pathogenesis of increased cardiovascular disease burden and death in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD). Noninvasive cardiac output measurements provide a dynamic, real-time assessment of hemodynamic parameters. We investigated intradialytic changes in hemodynamic parameters in pediatric outpatients receiving chronic HD and determined patient and treatment risk factors associated with such intradialytic changes.