Winter legumes in rice crop rotations reduces nitrogen loss, and improves rice yield and soil nitrogen supply

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• 作者：Yingliang Yu (1)
  Lihong Xue (1)
  Linzhang Yang (1)
  
• 关键词：Rice yield ; Soil nitrogen supply capacity ; Non ; point pollution ; Crop rotations ; Legumes ; Chemical nitrogen fertilizer reduction ; Runoff nitrogen loss
• 刊名：Agronomy for Sustainable Development
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：July 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：34
• 期：3
• 页码：633-640
• 全文大小：
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• 作者单位：Yingliang Yu (1)
  Lihong Xue (1)
  Linzhang Yang (1)
  
  1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
  
• ISSN：1773-0155

文摘

Intensive irrigated rice-wheat crop systems have caused serious soil depletion and nitrogen loss in the Tai Lake region of China. A possible solution is the incorporation of legumes in rice because legumes are a source of nitrogen. There is actually little knowledge on the impact of legumes on rotation, soil fertility, and nitrogen loss. Therefore, we studied the effect of five rice-based rotations, including rice-wheat, rice-rape, rice-fallow, rice-bean, and rice-vetch, on soil nitrogen, rice yield, and runoff loss. A field experiment was conducted in the Tai Lake region from 2009 to 2012. Crop residues from rape, bean, and vetch were used to partially replace chemical fertilizer in rice. Results show that replacing 9.5-1.4?% of mineral nitrogen fertilizer by residues maintained rice yields of rice-rape, rice-bean, and rice-vetch rotations, compared to the rice-wheat reference. Moreover, using legumes as a winter crop in rice-bean and rice-vetch combinations increased rice grain yield over 5?%, and increased rice residue nitrogen content by 9.7-0.5?%. Nitrogen runoff decreased 30-0?% in rice-rape, rice-bean, and rice-vetch compared with rice-wheat. Soil mineral nitrogen and microbial biomass nitrogen content were also improved by application of leguminous residues.