The essential Schizosaccharomyces pombe Pfh1 DNA helicase promotes fork movement past G-quadruplex motifs to prevent DNA damage

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• 作者：Nasim Sabouri (1)
  John A Capra (2)
  Virginia A Zakian (3)
  
  1. Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics ; Ume氓 University ; Ume氓 ; 901 87 ; Sweden
  2. Department of Biological Sciences and Biomedical Informatics and Center for Human Genetics Research ; Vanderbilt University ; Nashville ; TN ; 37235 ; USA
  3. Department of Molecular Biology ; Princeton University ; Princeton ; NJ ; 08544 ; USA
  
• 关键词：Pfh1 ; Pif1 family helicase ; G ; quadruplex DNA ; DNA replication ; Schizosaccharomyces pombe ; Genome integrity
• 刊名：BMC Biology
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：12
• 期：1
• 全文大小：951 KB
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• 刊物主题：Life Sciences, general;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：1741-7007

文摘

Background G-quadruplexes (G4s) are stable non-canonical DNA secondary structures consisting of stacked arrays of four guanines, each held together by Hoogsteen hydrogen bonds. Sequences with the ability to form these structures in vitro, G4 motifs, are found throughout bacterial and eukaryotic genomes. The budding yeast Pif1 DNA helicase, as well as several bacterial Pif1 family helicases, unwind G4 structures robustly in vitro and suppress G4-induced DNA damage in S. cerevisiae in vivo. Results We determined the genomic distribution and evolutionary conservation of G4 motifs in four fission yeast species and investigated the relationship between G4 motifs and Pfh1, the sole S. pombe Pif1 family helicase. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with deep sequencing, we found that many G4 motifs in the S. pombe genome were associated with Pfh1. Cells depleted of Pfh1 had increased fork pausing and DNA damage near G4 motifs, as indicated by high DNA polymerase occupancy and phosphorylated histone H2A, respectively. In general, G4 motifs were underrepresented in genes. However, Pfh1-associated G4 motifs were located on the transcribed strand of highly transcribed genes significantly more often than expected, suggesting that Pfh1 has a function in replication or transcription at these sites. Conclusions In the absence of functional Pfh1, unresolved G4 structures cause fork pausing and DNA damage of the sort associated with human tumors.