Effect of exogenous 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) on branch type, floral induction and initiation, and related gene expression in 'Fuji' apple (Malus domestica Borkh)

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Youmei Li ; Dong Zhang ; Libo Xing ; Songwen Zhang ; Caiping Zhao…
• 关键词：Malus domestica ; 6 ; benzylaminopurine (6 ; BA) ; Branch type ; Floral induction and initiation ; Gene expression
• 刊名：Plant Growth Regulation
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：May 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：79
• 期：1
• 页码：65-70
• 全文大小：563 KB
• 参考文献：Abbott DL (1977) Fruit bud formation in Cox’s Orange Pippin. Rep Long Ashton Res Stn 1976:167–176
  Bernier G (2013) My favourite flowering image: the role of cytokinin as a flowering signal. J Exp Bot 64(18):5795–5799CrossRef PubMed
  Brenner WG, Romanov GA, Köllmer I, Bürkle L, Schmülling T (2005) Immediate-early and delayed cytokinin response genes of Arabidopsis thaliana identified by genome-wide expression profiling reveal novel cytokinin-sensitive processes and suggest cytokinin action through transcriptional cascades. Plant J 44(2):314–333CrossRef PubMed
  D’Aloia M, Bonhomme D, Bouche F, Tamseddak K, Ormenese S, Torti S, Coupland G, Perilleux C (2011) Cytokinin promotes flowering of Arabidopsis via transcriptional activation of the FT paralogue TSF. Plant J 65(6):972–979CrossRef PubMed
  FAO (2013) FAOSTAT database on production, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation. http://​faostat3.​fao.​org/​download/​Q/​QC/​E
  Gambino G, Perrone I, Gribaudo I (2008) A rapid and effective method for RNA extraction from different tissues of grapevine and other woody plants. Phytochem Anal 19(6):520–525CrossRef PubMed
  Hanke MV, Flachowsky H, Peil A, Hättasch C (2007) No flower no fruit—genetic potentials to trigger flowering in fruit trees. Genes Genomes Genom 1(1):1–20
  Hoad GV (1983) Hormonal regulation of fruit-bud formation in fruit trees. Flower Fruit Set Fruit Trees 149:13–24
  Ito A, Hayama H, Yoshioka H (2001a) The effect of shoot-bending on the amount of diffusible indole-3-acetic acid and its transport in shoots of Japanese pear. Plant Growth Regul 34(2):151–158CrossRef
  Ito A, Hayama H, Kashimura Y, Yoshioka H (2001b) Effect of maleic hydrazide on endogenous cytokinin contents in lateral buds, and its possible role in flower bud formation on the Japanese pear shoot. Sci Hortic 87(3):199–205CrossRef
  Ivanov DP, Kamínek M (2002) Fast and efficient separation of cytokinins from auxin and abscisic acid and their purification using mixed-mode solid-phase extraction. J Chromatogr A 950(1):21–29CrossRef
  Khodakovskaya M, Zhao DG, Smith W, Li Y, McAvoy R (2006) Expression of ipt gene controlled by an ethylene and auxin responsive fragment of the LEACO1 promoter increases flower number in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum. Plant Cell Rep 25:1181–1192CrossRef PubMed
  Khodakovskaya M, Vankova R, Malbeck J, Li A, Li Y, McAvoy R (2009) Enhancement of flowering and branching phenotype in chrysanthemum by expression of ipt under the control of a 0.821 kb fragment of the LEACO1 gene promoter. Plant Cell Rep 28:1351–1362CrossRef PubMed
  Kotoda N, Wada M, Komori S, Kidou S, Abe K, Masuda T, Soejima J (2000) Expression pattern of homologues of floral meristem identity genes LFY and AP1 during flower development in apple. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 125(4):398–403
  Kotoda N, Wada M, Kusaba S, Kano-Murakami Y, Masuda T, Soejima J (2002) Overexpression of MdMADS5, an APETALA1-like gene of apple, causes early flowering in transgenic Arabidopsis. Plant Sci 162:679–687CrossRef
  Kotoda N, Iwanami H, Takahashi S, Abe K (2006) Antisense expression of MdTFL1, a TFL1-like gene, reduces the juvenile phase in apple. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 131:74–81
  Krasniqi AL, Damerow L, Kunz A, Blanke MM (2013) Quantifying key parameters as elicitors for alternate fruit bearing in cv. ‘Elstar’apple trees. Plant Sci 212:10–14CrossRef PubMed
  Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD (2001) Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT method. Methods 25(4):402–408CrossRef PubMed
  McLaughlin JM, Greene DW (1984) Effects of BA, GA4 + 7 and daminozide on fruit set, fruit quality, vegetative growth, flower initiation, and flower quality of ‘Golden Delicious’ apple. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 109:34–39
  Mimida N, Oshino H, Li J, Zhang C, Takagishi K, Yuki MT, Wada M (2011) Effects of the plant growth regulators on expression of MdTFL1 promoter fused β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene in apple (Malus spp.) tissues in vitro. Plant Biotech 28(5):503–508CrossRef
  Mimida N, Komori S, Suzuki A, Wada M (2013) Functions of the apple TFL1/FT orthologs in phase transition. Sci Hortic 156:106–112CrossRef
  Miyawaki K, Matsumoto-Kitano M, Kakimoto T (2004) Expression of cytokinin biosynthetic isopentenyltransferase genes in Arabidopsis: tissue specificity and regulation by auxin, cytokinin, and nitrate. Plant J 37(1):128–138CrossRef PubMed
  Takei K, Sakakibara H, Sugiyama T (2001) Identification of genes encoding adenylate isopentenyltransferase, a cytokinin biosynthesis enzyme, Arabidopsis thaliana. J Biol Chem 276(28):26405–26410CrossRef PubMed
  Turnbull C (2011) Long-distance regulation of flowering time. J Exp Bot 63(13):4399–4413CrossRef
  Wigge PA (2011) FT, a mobile developmental signal in plants. Curr Biol 21:374–378CrossRef
  
• 作者单位：Youmei Li (1)
  Dong Zhang (1)
  Libo Xing (1)
  Songwen Zhang (1)
  Caiping Zhao (1)
  Mingyu Han (1)
  
  1. Department of Horticulture College, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, 712100, China
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Plant Physiology
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-5087

文摘

To investigate the mechanism by which 6-BA promotes flower bud formation, ‘Fuji’ apple trees were sprayed with 300 mg L−1 6-BA before the onset of floral induction. The differential transcription responses of flowering genes (MdFT, AFL1 and MdTFL1) and key cytokinin biosynthesis genes (MdIPT5a and MdIPT3a) in terminal buds were studied during flower development by real-time quantitative PCR. In addition, endogenous cytokinin and auxin levels in buds, shoot growth and flowering rate were surveyed. 6-BA treatment increased flowering rate, constrained shoot growth and changed the shoot components. Most shoots started to stop growing at 32 days after flowering (DAF), which marked the beginning of floral induction. The cytokinin accumulation was elevated at 30 DAF while MdTFL1 expression was down-regulated. Subsequently, there was a large increase in the transcription of AFL1 at 50 DAF. Thus, we propose that 300 mg L−1 6-BA spraying may indirectly break the cytokinin/IAA ratio suppressing MdTFL1 expression, resulting in higher transcription levels of AFL1 at flower initiation and alter shoots component and growth characteristics, which ultimately promoted flower development.