Understanding Inequities in Child Vaccination Rates among the Urban Poor: Evidence from Nairobi and Ouagadougou Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Abdramane Bassiahi Soura ; Blessing Mberu ; Patricia Elungata…
• 关键词：Informal settlements ; Slum ; Child health ; Vaccination ; Ouagadougou ; Nairobi
• 刊名：Journal of Urban Health
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：February 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：92
• 期：1
• 页码：39-54
• 全文大小：237 KB
• 参考文献：1. Grodos, D (2004) Le district sanitaire urbain en Afrique subsaharienne. Enjeux, pratiques et politiques. Karthala, Paris, France
  2. Montgomery, M, Stren, R, Cohen, B, Reed, H (2004) Cities transformed. Demographic change and its implications in the developing world. Earthscan, London, UK
  3. Montgomery, MR, Hewett, PC (2005) Urban poverty and health in developing countries: household and neighbourhood effects. Demography 42: pp. 397-425 CrossRef
  State of the world’s cities 2012/2013. Routledge, New York, USA
  4. Kimani-Murage, EW, Ngind, AM (2007) Quality of water the slum dwellers use: the case of a Kenyan slum. J Urban Health 84: pp. 829-38 CrossRef
  5. Timaeus, IM, Lush, L (1995) Intra-urban differentials in child health. Health Transit Rev 5: pp. 163-90
  6. Gould, WT (1998) African mortality and the new ‘urban penalty- Health Place 4: pp. 17-181 CrossRef
  7. Bocquier, P, Madise, NJ, Zulu, EM (2011) Is there an urban advantage in child survival in sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence from 18 countries in the 1990s. Demography 48: pp. 531-58 CrossRef
  8. Günther, I, Harttgen, K (2012) Deadly cities? Spatial inequalities in mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Popul Dev Rev 38: pp. 469-86 CrossRef
  Population and health dynamics in Nairobi’s informal settlements: report of the Nairobi cross-sectional slums survey (NCSS) 2000. APHRC, Nairobi, Kenya
  9. Majale, M (1993) The relevance of settlement typologies to upgrading interventions in Nairobi, Kenya. Forum 2: pp. 47-56
  The challenge of slums: global report on human settlements. Earthscan, London, UK
  10. Bayala-Ariste, LL (2009) Monographie de la commune urbaine de Ouagadougou. Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, Bureau Central du Recensement
  Nairobi urban sector profile. UN-HABITAT, Nairobi, Kenya
  The state of African cities 2010: governance, inequality and urban land markets. UN-HABITAT, Nairobi, Kenya
  11. Fotso, JC, Ezeh, A, Oronje, R (2008) Provision and use of maternal health services among urban poor women in Kenya: what do we know and what can we do?. J Urban Health 85: pp. 428-42 CrossRef
  12. Kyobutungi, C, Ziraba, AK, Ezeh, A, Ye, Y (2008) The burden of disease profile of residents of Nairobi’s slums: results from a demographic surveillance system. Popul Health Metrics 6: pp. 1 CrossRef
  13. Kabiru, CW, Beguy, D, Undie, CC, Zulu, EM, Ezeh, AC (2010) Transition into first sex among adolescents in slum and non-slum communities in Nairobi, Kenya. J Youth Stud 13: pp. 453-71 CrossRef
  14. Zulu, E, Dodoo, FN, Ezeh, CA (2002) Sexual risk-taking in the slums of Nairobi, Kenya, 1993-8. Popul Stud 56: pp. 311-23 CrossRef
  15. Rossier, C, Soura, A, Baya, B (2012) The Ouagadougou health and demographic surveillance system. Int J Epidemiol 41: pp. 658-66 CrossRef
  16. Rossier, C, Soura, A, Lankoande, B, Millogo, R (2011) Observatoire de population de Ouagadougou. Données du R0, R1 et R2: rapport descriptif. ISSP/Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
  17. Mutua, MK, Kimani-Murage, E, Ettarh, RR (2011) Childhood vaccination in informal urban settlements in Nairobi, Kenya: who gets vaccinated?. BMC Public Health 11: pp. 6 CrossRef
  18. Emina, J, Beguy, D, Zulu, EM (2011) Monitoring of health and demographic outcomes in poor urban settlements: evidence from the Nairobi urban health and demographic surveillance system. J Urban Health 88: pp. 200-18 CrossRef
  19. Beguy, D, Bocquier, P, Zulu, E (2010) Circular migration patterns and determinan
• 刊物主题：Public Health; Health Informatics; Epidemiology;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1468-2869

文摘

Studies on informal settlements in sub-Saharan Africa have questioned the health benefits of urban residence, but this should not suggest that informal settlements (within cities and across cities and/or countries) are homogeneous. They vary in terms of poverty, pollution, overcrowding, criminality, and social exclusion. Moreover, while some informal settlements completely lack public services, others have access to health facilities, sewers, running water, and electricity. There are few comparative studies that have looked at informal settlements across countries accounting for these contextual nuances. In this paper, we comparatively examine the differences in child vaccination rates between Nairobi and Ouagadougou’s informal settlements. We further investigate whether the identified differences are related to the differences in demographic and socioeconomic composition between the two settings. We use data from the Ouagadougou and Nairobi Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSSs), which are the only two urban-based HDSSs in Africa. The results show that children in the slums of Nairobi are less vaccinated than children in the informal settlements in Ouagadougou. The difference in child vaccination rates between Nairobi and Ouagadougou informal settlements are not related to the differences in their demographic and socioeconomic composition but to the inequalities in access to immunization services.