Perceptions of sexual risk behavior among Palestinian youth in the West Bank: a qualitative investigation

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Salwa G Massad ; Rita Karam ; Ryan Brown ; Peter Glick ; Mohammed Shaheen…
• 关键词：Palestine ; Youth ; Sex ; Behaviors ; HIV
• 刊名：BMC Public Health
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：14
• 期：1
• 全文大小：261 KB
• 参考文献：Confidential Report to the CEDAW Committee.
  1. Kamarulzaman, A (2013) Fighting the HIV epidemic in the Islamic world. The Lancet 381: pp. 2058-2060 CrossRef
  2. DeJong, J, Shepard, B, Roudi-Fahimi, AL (2007) Young people’s sexual and reproductive health in the Middle East and North Africa. Popul Ref Bur. pp. 2-8
  3. Obermeyer, CM (2006) HIV in the Middle East. BMJ 333: pp. 851-854 CrossRef
  Preventing HIV/AIDS in the Middle East and North Africa: A Window of Opportunity to Act. World Bank, Washington, DC
  4. Ben-Zur, H, Zeidner, M (2009) Threat to life and risk-taking behaviors: a review of empirical findings and explanatory models. Pers Soc Psychol Rev 13: pp. 109-128 CrossRef
  5. Pat-Horenczyk, R, Peled, O, Miron, T, Brom, D, Villa, Y, Chemtob, CM (2007) Risk-taking behaviors among Israeli adolescents exposed to recurrent terrorism: provoking danger under continuous threat?. Am J Psychiatry 164: pp. 66-72 CrossRef
  Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics Press Release on the Results of the Labor Force Survey (January-March, 2014) Round Q1/2014.
  6. Solomon, E (2009) Palestinian workers seek livelihood in Israel. Reuters, Beit Iksa
  Health Annual Report- Palestine 2012. Palestinian Health Information Center, Nablus
  Health Annual Report- Palestine 2013. Palestinian Health Information Center, Nablus
  On the Eve of International Youth Day 12/8/2013.
  7. World Bank: / Unemployment, youth male (% of male labor force ages 15-4) (modeled ILO estimate). [http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.1524.MA.ZS]
  8. Bernard, HR, Ryan, G Text analysis: Qualitative and quantitative methods. In: Bernard, HR eds. (1998) Handbook of methods in cultural anthropology. Altamira Press, Walnut Creek, CA, pp. 595-645
  9. Mosleh, D, Taylor, K (2005) Child protection in the Occupied Palestinian Territory: A National Position Paper. Secretariat of the National Plan of Action for Palestinian Children, Ramallah: Palestine
  10. Cwikel, J, Ilan, K, Chudakov, B (2003) Women brothel workers and occupational health risks. J Epidemiol Commun Health 57: pp. 809-15 CrossRef
  Trafficking and Forced Prostitution of Palestinian Women and Girls: Forms of Modern Day Slavery: A Briefing Paper.
  11. Young, KS (2008) Internet Sex Addiction: Risk Factors, Stages of Development, and Treatment. Am Behav Sci 52: pp. 21-37 CrossRef
  12. Halpern-Felsher, BL, Cornell, JL, Kropp, RY, Tschann, JM (2005) Oral Versus Vaginal Sex Among Adolescents: Perceptions, Attitudes, and Behavior. Pediatrics 115: pp. 845-851 CrossRef
  13. Brakel, K (2008) Studies on youth policies in the Mediterranean partner countries: Palestinian Occupied Territories EuroMed Youth III Programme. Euromed, Ramallah
  Situational Analysis for UNFPA Country Program Development Occupied Palestinian Territory (Fourth Cycle). United Nations Population Fund, New York
  14. The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/14/1213/prepub
  
• 刊物主题：Public Health; Medicine/Public Health, general; Epidemiology; Environmental Health; Biostatistics; Vaccine;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：1471-2458

文摘

Background Young people in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are profoundly affected by violence, high unemployment, and economic hardship. Experiences of community-level violence and personal trauma increase the likelihood that young people will engage in risky behaviors that include smoking, drug use, and unsafe sex. Little is known about the sexual behavior of young people in the region, particularly in the occupied Palestinian territory (oPt). Our aim in this study was to gain an insight into the perceived prevalence and patterns of sexual behavior among Palestinian youth. Methods The study was based on ten focus groups and 17 in-depth interviews with young people aged 16-24 years as part of the formative phase of a cross-sectional representative study of risk behaviors in the West Bank, including Jerusalem, in 2012. The sample was selected using a combination of purposive and convenience sampling. Qualitative analysis was used to code detailed notes of focus groups and interviews. Results Based on participants-reports, different types of sexual activity outside marriage were not uncommon, even in conservative communities. The most reported sexual activity was non-penetrative sex: oral and anal intercourse, and virtual sex. Some young people had sexual intercourse with sex workers; they went to brothels in Israel and to brothels operating clandestinely in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. Most respondents were of the opinion that young people did not usually use protection during sexual intercourse. Many reported that youth engage in different types of sexual activity outside marriage for several reasons: to challenge the culture, financial constraints and inability to marry, basic human need, personal pleasure, suppression, to kill boredom, and to prove manhood. Conclusions In contrast with the conservative social context of the occupied Palestinian territory (oPt), the findings suggest that sexual activities outside marriage may be more common than is currently assumed. Sexual behavior in the oPt is a concern because of the low awareness of the potential health consequences. The results draw attention to the need to incorporate sexual reproductive health into the national agenda and ensure that it is included in the programs of national institutions.