Condition monitoring of transformer oil using thermal analysis and other techniques

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Sonia Degeratu (1)
  P. Rotaru (2)
  S. Rizescu (3)
  Suzana Danoiu (4)
  N. G. Bizdoaca (5)
  L. I. Alboteanu (1)
  H. O. Manolea (4)
  
  1. Faculty of Electrical Engineering ; University of Craiova ; 107 Decebal Boulevard ; 200440 ; Craiova ; Romania
  2. Faculty of Physics ; University of Craiova ; 13 AI Cuza Street ; 200585 ; Craiova ; Romania
  3. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering ; University of Craiova ; 107 Calea Bucuresti Street ; 200512 ; Craiova ; Romania
  4. University of Medicine and Pharmacy ; 2-4 Petru Rares Street ; 200349 ; Craiova ; Romania
  5. Faculty of Automation ; Computers and Electronics ; University of Craiova ; 107 Decebal Boulevard ; 200440 ; Craiova ; Romania
  
• 关键词：Transformer mineral oil ; Thermal analysis ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; Off ; line monitoring
• 刊名：Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：March 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：119
• 期：3
• 页码：1679-1692
• 全文大小：1,211 KB
• 参考文献：1. EL-Sayed MM, Mohamed RS, Wael AA. Prediction of the characteristics of transformer oil under different operation conditions. World Acad Sci Eng Technol. 2005;53:764鈥?.
  2. Huimin H, Xiaotian X. Study on transformer oil dissolved gas online monitoring and fault diagnosis method. In: International conference on condition monitoring and diagnosis (CMD). Bali. 2012:593鈥?.
  3. Gradnik T, Gradnik-Koncan T, Petric N, Muc N. Experimental evaluation of water content determination in transformer oil by moisture sensor. In: IEEE international conference on dielectric liquids. Trondheim, Norway. 2011:1鈥?.
  4. Sousa Rios, MA, Mazzetto, SE (2013) Effect of organophosphate antioxidant on the thermo-oxidative degradation of a mineral oil. J Therm Anal Calorim. 111: pp. 553-559 CrossRef
  5. Batista, DA, Patriarca, PA, Trindade, EM, Wilhelm, HM (2008) Colorimetric methodology for monitoring the cellulose insulating paper degradation in electrical equipments filled with mineral oil. Cellulose 15: pp. 497-505 CrossRef
  6. Lipshtein, RA, Shtern, EN (1967) Effect of hydrocarbon composition of transformer oil on dielectric losses. Chem Tech Fuels Oil+ 3: pp. 363-366 CrossRef
  7. Reykherdt, AA, Davydov, V (2011) Case studies of factors influencing frequency response analysis measurements and power transformer diagnostics. IEEE Electr Insul Mag. 27: pp. 22-30 CrossRef
  8. Warren L. Transformers-oil sampling鈥攖he comprehensive transformer health test. 2010. http://www.electricalreview.co.uk/features/6760-118924.
  9. Cargol T. An overview of online oil monitoring technologies. Fourth Annual Weidmann-Acti Technical Conference. San Antonio, 2005:1鈥?.
  10. Shukla, P, Sood, YR, Jaria, RK (2013) Experimental evaluation of water content in transformer oil. Int J Innov Res Sci Eng Technol. 2: pp. 284-291 CrossRef
  11. IEC 60422 International Standard. Mineral insulating oils in electrical equipment 鈥?Supervision and maintenance guidance. Fourth ed. International Electrotechnical Commission, 2013.
  12. IEEE Std C57.106 International standard. IEEE guide for acceptance and maintenance of insulating oil in equipment, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2006.
  13. PE 129:1999, Romanian regulation, Mineral oils technical exploitation regulatory statement, National Electricity Company 鈥?S. A. Romania, 1999. Accessed from http://www.scribd.com/doc/181437335/PE129-99
  14. Felea I, Coroiu N, Boja I. The influence of the stress level on electro isolating oil state from the electric power transformers. In: The 6th international power systems conference. Timi艧oara. 2005:223鈥?0.
  15. Meshkatoddini, Mohammad R (2008) Aging study and lifetime estimation of transformer mineral oil. Am J Eng Appl Sci. 1: pp. 384-388 CrossRef
  16. Korobeynikov, SM, Soloveichik, YG, Bychkov, AL, Vagin, DV, Melekhov, AV, Ryzhkina, AY (2011) Dissolution of diagnostic gas bubbles in transformer oil. High Temp+ 49: pp. 744-749 CrossRef
  17. IEC 60599 International Standard. Mineral oil-impregnated electrical equipment in service. Guide to the interpretation of dissolved and free gases analysis. Ed. 2.1. International Electrotechnical Commission, 2007.
  18. IEC 60156 International Standard. Insulating liquids 鈥?Determination of the breakdown voltage at power frequency 鈥?Test method. Second ed. International Electrotechnical Commission, 1995.
  19. IEC 60247 International Standard. Insulating liquids 鈥?Measurement of relative permittivity, dielectric dissipation factor (tan 未) and d.c. resistivity. Third ed. International Electrotechnical Commission, 2004
  20. IEC 60814 International Standard. Insulating liquids 鈥?Oil-impregnated paper and pressboard鈥攄etermination of water by automatic coulometric Karl Fischer titration. Second ed. International Electrotechnical Commission, 1997.
  21. IEC 62021 International Standard. Insulating liquids. Determination of acidity Part 1: Automatic potentiometric titration, International Electrotechnical Commission, 2003.
  22. STAS 9654, Romanian Standard, Mineral oils. Determination of interfacial tension against water, 1974. Accessed from ASRO Romanian Standards Association. http://magazin.asro.ro/index.php?lg=2&pag=3&cls=1&dom=75&gr=100&id_p=17644438
  23. IEC 60970 International Standard. Insulating liquids鈥揗ethods for counting and sizing particles. Second ed. International Electrotechnical Commission, 2007.
  24. IEC 60567 International Standard. Oil-filled electrical equipment鈥揝ampling of gases and of oil for analysis of free and dissolved gases-Guidances. Fourth ed. International Electrotechnical Commission, 2011.
  25. EN ISO 3170 European Standard. Petroleum liquids, Manual sampling, European Committee for Standardization, 2004. Accessed from http://www.scribd.com/doc/157615057/SR-EN-ISO-3170
  26. Moanta, A, Tutunaru, B, Rotaru, P (2013) Spectral and thermal studies of 4-(phenyldiazenyl)phenyl 2-furoate as corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel. J Therm Anal Calorim 111: pp. 1273-1279 CrossRef
  27. Rotaru, A (2012) Thermal analysis and kinetic study of Petrosani bituminous coal from Romania in comparison with a sample of Ural bituminous coal. J Therm Anal Calorim 110: pp. 1283-1291 CrossRef
  28. Moanta, A, Ionescu, C, Rotaru, P, Socaciu, M, Harabor, A (2010) Structural characterization, thermal investigation and liquid crystalline behavior of 4-[(4-chlorobenzyl)oxy]-3,4鈥?dichloroazobenzene. J Therm Anal Calorim 102: pp. 1079-1086 CrossRef
  29. ISO 4407 International Standard. Hydraulic fluid power 鈥?Fluids contamination 鈥?Determination of particulate contamination by the counting method using an optical microscope, International Organization for Standardization, 2002.
  30. Kok, MV, Gul, KG (2013) Thermal characteristics and kinetics of crude oils and SARA fractions. Thermochim Acta 569: pp. 66-70 CrossRef
  31. Kok, MV (2014) The thermal characterization of crude oils in a limestone matrix of different particle size. Energy Source Part A. 36: pp. 923-928 CrossRef
  32. Gundogar, AS, Kok, MV (2014) Thermal characterization, combustion and kinetics of different origin crude oils. Fuel 123: pp. 59-65 CrossRef
  33. Kok, MV, Gundogar, AS (2013) DSC study on combustion and pyrolysis behaviors of Turkish crude oils. Fuel Process Technol 116: pp. 110-115 CrossRef
  34. Al-Sammerrai, D (1985) Study of thermal stabilities of some heat transfer oils. J Therm Anal Calorim 30: pp. 763-770 CrossRef
  35. Mojumdar, SC, Sain, M, Prasad, RC, Sun, L, Venart, JES (2007) Selected thermoanalytical methods and their applications from medicine to construction. J Therm Anal Calorim 90: pp. 653-662 CrossRef
  36. Sestak, J (2013) Thermal science and analysis. J Therm Anal Calorim 113: pp. 1049-1054 CrossRef
  37. Streibel, T, Fendt, A, Gei脽ler, R, Kaisersberger, E, Denner, T, Zimmermann, R (2009) Thermal analysis/mass spectrometry using soft photo-ionisation for the investigation of biomass and mineral oils. J Therm Anal Calorim 97: pp. 615-619 CrossRef
  38. Warne, SJ, Dubrawski, JV (1989) Applications of DTA and DSC to coal and oil shale evaluation. J Therm Anal Calorim 35: pp. 219-242 CrossRef
  39. Rotaru, A, Go艧a, M, Rotaru, P (2008) Computational thermal and kinetic analysis. Software for non-isothermal kinetics by standard procedure. J Therm Anal Calorim 94: pp. 367-371 CrossRef
  40. Rotaru, A, Go艧a, M (2009) Computational thermal and kinetic analysis. Complete standard procedure to evaluate the kinetic triplet form non-isothermal data. J Therm Anal Calorim 97: pp. 421-426 CrossRef
  41. Cavallaro, G, Lazzara, G, Milioto, S (2013) Sustainable nanocomposites based on halloysite nanotubes and pectin/polyethylene glycol blend. Polym Degrad Stabil. 98: pp. 2529-2536 CrossRef
  42. Samide, A, Tutunaru, B, Negrila, C, Dobritescu, A (2012) Study of the corrosion products formed on carbon steel surface in hydrochloric acid solution. J Therm Anal Calorim 110: pp. 145-152 CrossRef
  43. Tutunaru, B, Samide, A, Negrila, C (2013) Thermal analysis of corrosion products formed on carbon steel in ammonium chloride solution. J Therm Anal Calorim 111: pp. 1149-1154 CrossRef
  44. Rotaru, A, Bratulescu, G, Rotaru, P (2009) Thermal analysis of azoic dyes. Part I non-isothermal decomposition kinetics of [4-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-3-methylphenyl](p-tolyl)diazene in dynamic air atmosphere. Thermochim Acta 489: pp. 63-69 CrossRef
  45. Rotaru, A, Mietlarek-Kropid艂owska, A, Constantinescu, C, Scarisoreanu, N, Dumitru, M, Strankowski, M, Rotaru, P, Ion, V, Vasiliu, C, Becker, B, Dinescu, M (2009) CdS thin films obtained by thermal treatment of cadmium(II) complex precursor deposited by MAPLE technique. Appl Surf Sci 255: pp. 6786-6789 CrossRef
  46. Kropid艂owska A, Rotaru A, Strankowski M, Becker B, Segal E. Heteroleptic cadmium(II) complex, potential precursor for semiconducting CdS layers. Thermal stability and non-isothermal decomposition kinetics. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2008;91:903鈥?.
  47. Constantinescu, C, Palla-Papavlu, A, Rotaru, A, Florian, P, Chelu, F, Icriverzi, M, Nedelcea, A, Dinca, V, Roseanu, A, Dinescu, M (2009) Multifunctional thin films of lactoferrin for biochemical use deposited by MAPLE technique. Appl Surf Sci 255: pp. 5491-5495 CrossRef
  48. Rotaru A, Kropid艂owska A, Moanta A, Rotaru P, Segal E. Thermal decomposition kinetics of some aromatic azomonoethers. Part II. Non-isothermal study of three liquid crystals in dynamic air atmosphere. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2008;92:233鈥?.
  49. Rotaru A, Moanta A, Rotaru P, Segal E. Thermal decomposition kinetics of some aromatic azomonoethers. Part III. Non-isothermal study of 4-[(4-chlorobenzyl)oxy]-4鈥?chloroazobenzene in dynamic air atmosphere. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2009;95:161鈥?.
  50. Constantinescu, C, Morintale, E, Emandi, A, Dinescu, M, Rotaru, P (2011) Thermal and microstructural analysis of Cu(II) 2,2鈥?dihydroxy azobenzene and thin films deposition by MAPLE technique. J Therm Anal Calorim 104: pp. 707-716 CrossRef
  51. Rotaru, A, Constantinescu, C, Rotaru, P, Moanta, A, Dumitru, M, Socaciu, M, Dinescu, M, Segal, E (2008) Thermal analysis and thin films deposition by matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation of a 4CN type azomonoether. J Therm Anal Calorim 92: pp. 279-284 CrossRef
  52. Samide, A, Tutunaru, B, Ionescu, C, Rotaru, P, Simoiu, L (2014) Aminophylline: thermal characterization and its inhibitory properties for the carbon steel corrosion in acidic environment. J Therm Anal Calorim 118: pp. 631-639 CrossRef
  53. Manolea, HO, Rotaru, P, Manolea, G, Morintale, E, Rica, R (2013) Thermal and spectral behaviour of a light-cured methacrylate-based composite material used in dentistry. J Therm Anal Calorim 114: pp. 1325-1331 CrossRef
  54. Rotaru, A, Constantinescu, C, Mandruleanu, A, Rotaru, P, Moldovan, A, Gyoryova, K, Dinescu, M, Balek, V (2010) Matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation of zinc benzoate for ZnO thin films and non-isothermal decomposition kinetics. Thermochim Acta 498: pp. 81-91 CrossRef
  55. Samide, A, Rotaru, P, Ionescu, C, Tutunaru, B, Moanta, A, Barragan-Montero, V (2014) Thermal behaviour and adsorption properties of some benzothiazole derivatives. J Therm Anal Calorim 118: pp. 651-659 CrossRef
  56. Zakharich, MP, Zaitsev, II, Komar, VP, Nikonovich, FN, Ryzhkov, MP, Skornyakov, IV (2001) Analysis of transformer oil using IR analyzers. J Appl Spectrosc 68: pp. 61-65 CrossRef
  57. Zamkovets, AD, Zakharich, PM, Komar, VP, Skornyakov, IV (1998) Infrared filters and analyzers of the composition of substances based on them. J Appl Spectrosc 65: pp. 66-77 CrossRef
  
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Sciences
  Polymer Sciences
  Physical Chemistry
  Inorganic Chemistry
  Measurement Science and Instrumentation
  
• 出版者：Akad茅miai Kiad贸, co-published with Springer Science+Business Media B.V., Formerly Kluwer Academic
• ISSN：1572-8943

文摘

Any transformer oil undergoes continuous degradation because of all electric, thermal, mechanical, and climatic stresses it suffers while operating in the transformer. Therefore, the oil has to be checked on regular basis in order to decide whether it is necessary to regenerate or replace it, avoiding thus a sudden failure of the transformer. This article presents results of in-the-laboratory-performed experiments on transformer mineral oil samples. Those samples came from a power transformer that works in the Romanian power network. There were three monitoring stages conducted over four-and-a-half years. We used two measuring techniques: (i) measurement of the state parameters of transformer oil (breakdown voltage, loss factor, water contents, acidity index, interfacial tension, number of particles larger than 5 microns, and gas contents) in order to describe the oil condition during the monitoring period and to anticipate any severe fault. This enables the user to take preventive action before a severe fault might eventually occur; (ii) thermal analysis (TA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in order to determine the stability of oil samples. By using TA and FTIR, and by evaluating each and every significant parameter, it has been proven that the tested oil is still adequate for further employment in the power transformer.