Social dominance theory and medical specialty choice

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Brice Lepièce ; Christine Reynaert…
• 关键词：Career choice ; Clinical clerkship ; Education ; medical ; undergraduate ; Hierarchy ; Medical students ; Prestige ; Social dominance
• 刊名：Advances in Health Sciences Education
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：21
• 期：1
• 页码：79-92
• 全文大小：468 KB
• 参考文献：Apker, J., & Eggly, S. (2004). Communicating professional identity in medical socialization: Considering the ideological discourse of morning report. Qualitative Health Research, 14, 411–429.CrossRef
  Bennett, K. L., & Phillips, J. P. (2010). Finding, recruiting, and sustaining the future primary care physician workforce: A new theoretical model of specialty choice process. Academic Medicine, 85, S81–S88.CrossRef
  Bland, C. J., Meurer, L. N., & Maldonado, G. (1995). Determinants of primary care specialty choice: A non-statistical meta-analysis of the literature. Academic Medicine, 70, 620–641.CrossRef
  Block, S. D., Clark-Chiarelli, N., Peters, A. S., & Singer, J. D. (1996). Academia’s chilly climate for primary care. Journal of the American Medical Association, 276, 677–682.CrossRef
  Borges, N. J., & Gibson, D. D. (2005). Personality patterns of physicians in person-oriented and technique-oriented specialties. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 67, 4–20.CrossRef
  Borges, N. J., & Osmon, W. R. (2001). Personality and medical specialty choice: Technique orientation versus people orientation. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 58, 22–35.CrossRef
  Burack, J. H., Irby, D. M., Carline, J. D., Ambrozy, D. M., Ellsbury, K. E., & Stritter, F. T. (1997). A study of medical students’ specialty-choice pathways: Trying on possible selves. Academic Medicine, 72, 534–541.CrossRef
  Chazal, S., & Guimond, S. (2003). La théorie de la dominance sociale et les choix d’orientation scolaire et de rôles sociaux des filles et des garçons. L’orientation scolaire et professionnelle, 32, 595–616.CrossRef
  Cheng, J. T., Tracy, J. L., & Henrich, J. (2010). Pride, personality, and the evolutionary foundations of human social status. Evolution and Human Behavior, 31, 334–347.CrossRef
  Connelly, M. T., Sullivan, A. M., Peters, A. S., Clark-Chiarelli, N., Zotov, N., Martin, N., et al. (2003). Variation in predictors of primary care career choice by year and stage of training: A national survey. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 18, 159–169.CrossRef
  Costello, K., & Hodson, G. (2010). Exploring the roots of dehumanization: The role of animal–human similarity in promoting immigrant humanization. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 13, 3–22.CrossRef
  Coulehan, J., & Williams, P. C. (2001). Vanquishing virtue: The impact of medical education. Academic Medicine, 76, 598–605.
  Creed, P. A., Searle, J., & Rogers, M. E. (2010). Medical specialty prestige and lifestyle preferences for medical students. Social Science and Medicine, 71, 1084–1088.CrossRef
  Dambrun, M., Kamiejski, R., Haddadi, N., & Duarte, S. (2009). Why does social dominance orientation decrease with university exposure to the social sciences? The impact of institutional socialization and the mediating role of “geneticism”. European Journal of Social Psychology, 39, 88–100.
  Davis, B. E., Nelson, D. B., Sahler, O. J. Z., McCurdy, F. A., Goldberg, R., & Greenberg, L. W. (2001). Do clerkship experiences affect medical students’ attitudes toward chronically ill patients? Academic Medicine, 76, 815–820.
  Davis-Floyd, R. (2001). The technocratic, humanistic, and holistic paradigms of childbirth. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 75, S5–S23.CrossRef
  Davis-Floyd, R., & St-John, G. (1998). From doctor to healer: The transformative journey. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
  De Oliveira, P., Guimond, S., & Dambrun, M. (2012). Power and legitimizing ideologies in hierarchy-enhancing vs hierarchy-attenuating environments. Political Psychology, 33, 867–885.CrossRef
  Dopelt, K., Yahav, Z., Urkin, J., Bachner, Y., & Davidovitch, N. (2014). The social role of the faculties of medicine: Physicians’ perception of the dominant orientation of their medical studies and social involvement. Harefuah, 153(87–91), 126.
  Duarte, S., Dambrun, M., & Guimond, S. (2004). La dominance sociale et les «mythes légitimisateurs»: Validation française de l’échelle d’orientation à la dominance sociale. Revue Internationale de Psychologie Sociale, 17, 97–126.
  Ekehammar, B. O., Akrami, N., Gylje, M., & Zakrisson, I. (2004). What matters most to prejudice: Big five personality, social dominance orientation, or right-wing authoritarianism? European Journal of Personality, 18, 463–482.CrossRef
  Geist, P., & Dreyer, J. (1993). The demise of dialogue: A critique of medical encounter ideology. Western Journal of Communication, 57, 233–246.CrossRef
  Gorenflo, D., Ruffin, M., & Sheets, K. (1994). A multivariate model for specialty preference by medical students. Journal of Family Practice, 39, 570–576.
  Griffith III, C. H., & Wilson, J. F. (2001). The loss of student idealism in the 3rd-year clinical clerkships. Evaluation and the Health Professions, 24, 61–71.
  Guimond, S. (2000). Group socialization and prejudice: The social transmission of intergroup attitudes and beliefs. European Journal of Social Psychology, 30, 335–354.CrossRef
  Guimond, S., Dambrun, M., Michinov, N., & Duarte, S. (2003). Does social dominance generate prejudice? Integrating individual and contextual determinants of intergroup cognitions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 697–721.CrossRef
  Haley, H., & Sidanius, J. (2005). Person-organization congruence and the maintenance of group-based social hierarchy: A social dominance perspective. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 8, 187–203.CrossRef
  Hinze, S. W. (1999). Gender and the body of medicine or at least some body parts: (Re)constructing the prestige hierarchy of medical specialties. Sociological Quarterly, 40, 217–239.CrossRef
  Hojat, M., Vergare, M. J., Maxwell, K., Brainard, G., Herrine, S. K., Isenberg, G. A., et al. (2009). The devil is in the third year: A longitudinal study of erosion of empathy in medical school. Academic Medicine, 84, 1182–1191.
  Hosmer, D., & Lemeshow, S. (2000). Applied logistic regression (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.
  Jetten, J., & Iyer, A. (2010). Different meanings of the social dominance orientation concept: Predicting political attitudes over time. British Journal of Social Psychology, 49, 385–404.CrossRef
  Jordan, J., Brown, J. B., & Russell, G. (2003). Choosing family medicine. What influences medical students? Canadian Family Physician, 49, 1131–1137.
  Lawson, S. R., & Hoban, J. D. (2003). Predicting career decisions in primary care medicine: A theoretical analysis. The Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 23, 68–80.CrossRef
  Lempp, H., & Seale, C. (2004). The hidden curriculum in undergraduate medical education: Qualitative study of medical students’ perceptions of teaching. British Medical Journal, 329, 770–773.CrossRef
  Malhi, G. S., Parker, G. B., Parker, K., Carr, V. J., Kirkby, K. C., Yellowlees, P., et al. (2003). Attitudes toward psychiatry among students entering medical school. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 107, 424–429.CrossRef
  Manuel, R. S., Borges, N. J., & Jones, B. J. (2009). Person-oriented versus technique-oriented specialties: early preferences and eventual choice. Medical Education Online, 14, 4.CrossRef
  Norredam, M., & Album, D. (2007). Prestige and its significance for medical specialties and diseases. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 35, 655–661.CrossRef
  Pratto, F., Liu, J. H., Levin, S., Sidanius, J., Shih, M., Bachrach, H., et al. (2000). Social dominance orientation and the legitimization of inequality across cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 31, 369–409.CrossRef
  Pratto, F., Sidanius, J., Stallworth, L. M., & Malle, B. F. (1994). Social dominance orientation: A personality variable predicting social and political attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 741–763.CrossRef
  Reed, V. A., Jernstedt, G. C., & Reber, E. S. (2001). Understanding and improving medical student specialty choice: A synthesis of the literature using decision theory as a referent. Teaching and Learning in Medicine, 13, 117–129.CrossRef
  Rosoff, S. M., & Leone, M. C. (1991). The public prestige of medical specialties: Overviews and undercurrents. Social Science and Medicine, 32, 321–326.CrossRef
  Scott, I., Gowans, M., Wright, B., Brenneis, F., Banner, S., & Boone, J. (2011). Determinants of choosing a career in family medicine. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 183, E1–E8.CrossRef
  Senf, J. H., Campos-Outcalt, D., & Kutob, R. (2003). Factors related to the choice of family medicine: A reassessment and literature review. The Journal of the American Board of Family Practice, 16, 502–512.CrossRef
  Sidanius, J., Kteily, N., Sheehy-Skeffington, J., Ho, A. K., Sibley, C., & Duriez, B. (2013). You’re inferior and not worth our concern: The interface between empathy and social dominance orientation. Journal of Personality, 81, 313–323.
  Sidanius, J., & Pratto, F. (2001). Social dominance: An intergroup theory of social hierarchy and oppression. New York: Cambirdge University Press.
  Thornton, J., & Esposto, F. (2003). How important are economic factors in choice of medical specialty? Health Economics, 12, 67–73.CrossRef
  Wear, D. (1997). Professional development of medical students: Problems and promises. Academic Medicine, 72, 1056–1062.CrossRef
  Whitley, J. (1999). Right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 126–134.CrossRef
  Wong, A., & Trollope-Kumar, K. (2014). Reflections: An inquiry into medical students’ professional identity formation. Medical Education, 48, 489–501.CrossRef
  Wright, B., Scott, I., Woloschuk, W., & Brenneis, F. (2004). Career choice of new medical students at three Canadian universities: Family medicine versus specialty medicine. CMAJ, 170, 1920–1924.CrossRef
  Wright, S., Wong, A., & Newill, C. (1997). The impact of role models on medical students. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 12, 53–56.CrossRef
  
• 作者单位：Brice Lepièce (1)
  Christine Reynaert (1)
  Philippe van Meerbeeck (1)
  Valérie Dory (2)
  
  1. Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Clos Chapelle-aux-Champs 30, B1.30.15, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
  2. Faculty of Medicine, Centre for Medical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
  
• 刊物类别：Humanities, Social Sciences and Law
• 刊物主题：Education
  Medical Education
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-1677

文摘

Understanding how medical students select their specialty is a fundamental issue for public health and educational policy makers. One of the factors that students take into account is a specialty’s prestige which hinges partly on its focus on technique rather than whole person. We examine the potential of a psychological framework, social dominance theory, to explain why some students, and not others, are drawn to more prestigious, technique-oriented specialties, based on their desire for hierarchy. We conducted a cross-sectional study among medical students at Institution X (N = 359). We examined the link between medical students’ characteristics i.e. social dominance orientation (SDO), gender, age, and their career intention. We also examined level of medical students’ SDO at different stages of the curriculum. SDO scores were significantly associated with technique-oriented career intentions (OR 1.56; 95 % CI [1.18, 2.06]; p = 0.001). The effect was independent of gender. Medical students’ SDO scores were significantly higher in later stages of the medical curriculum (F = 6.79; p = 0. 001). SDO is a significant predictor of medical students’ career intention. SDO scores are higher in students during the clinical phase of the curriculum. Medical socialization, involving the internalization of implicit and explicit norms, particularly in hospital settings, is likely to underpin our findings. This theory illuminates consistent findings in the literature on specialty prestige and the influence of medical school on career choice. Keywords Career choice Clinical clerkship Education, medical, undergraduate Hierarchy Medical students Prestige Social dominance