Operating System Enhancement for Supporting Massively Multiplayer Online Games in a Server Cluster
详细信息 查看全文
- 作者：Mei-Ling Chiang ; Bo-Wen Yu ; Chi-Shian Shia…
- 关键词：Server cluster ; Load balance ; Operating system ; Multiplayer online games ; Linux
- 刊名：International Journal of Parallel Programming
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：February 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：44
- 期：1
- 页码：46-67
- 全文大小：3,050 KB
- 参考文献：1.World of WarCraft, http://us.battle.net/wow/en/ (2014)
2.Second Life, http://secondlife.com/ (2014)
3.EVE Online, http://www.eveonline.com/ (2014)
4.Everquest, https://www.everquest.com/home (2014)
5.League of Legends, xq.pubgame.tw/ (2014)
6.Linux Virtual Server, http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/ (2014)
7.Liu, H.H., Chiang, M.L., Wu, M.C.: Efficient support for content-aware request distribution and persistent connection in Web clusters. Softw. Pract. Exp. 37, 1215–1241 (2007)CrossRef
8.Chiang, M.-L., Lin, Y.-C., Guo, L.-F.: Design and implementation of an efficient web cluster with content-based request distribution and file caching. J. Syst. Softw. 81(11), 2044–2058 (2008)CrossRef
9.Stendhal, http://arianne.sourceforge.net/game/stendhal.html (2014)
10.Quake (video games), http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quake_(video_game) (2014)
11.Ploss, A., Wichmann, S., Glinka, F., Gorlatch, S.: From a single- to multi-server online game: a Quake 3 case ctudy using RTF. In: Proceeding of the 2008 International Conference on Advances in Computer Entertainment Technology, pp. 83–90 (2008)
12.Minecraft Coalition, http://wiki.vg/ (2014)
13.Marauroa—Arianne wiki, http://stendhalgame.org/wiki/Marauroa (2014)
14.Pai, V.S., Aron, M., Banga, G., et al.: Locality-aware request distribution in cluster-based network servers. SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev. 32(5), 205–216 (1998)CrossRef
15.Casalicchio, E., Colajanni, M.: A client-aware dispatching algorithm for web clusters providing multiple services. In: 10th International World Wide Web Conference, pp. 535–544 (2001)
16.Chiang, M.L., Wu, C.H., Liao, Y.J., Chen, Y.F.: New content-aware request distribution policies in web clusters providing multiple services. In: 24th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing (2009)
17.Gilly, K., Juiz, C., Puigjaner, R.: An up-to-date survey in web load balancing. In: World Wide Web, pp. 105–131 (2011)
18.Wu, C.H., Chiang, M.L., Lu, T.L.: Efficiently supporting differentiated services and content-aware request distribution in web clusters providing multiple services. In: The 6th International Symposium on Web and Mobile Information Services (WAMIS’2010), pp. 20–23. Perth, Australia (April 2010)
19.Chiang, M.L., Yang, C.Y., Lien, S.L.: Kernel support for fine-grained load balancing in a web cluster providing streaming service. In: International Conference on Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing (2012)
20.Zhuang, X., Bharambe, A., Pang, J., Seshan, S.: Player dynamics in massively multiplayer online games. http://reports-archive.adm.cs.cmu.edu/anon/2007/CMU-CS-07-158.pdf
21.Vleeschauwer, B.D., Bossche, B.V.D., Verdickt, T., et al.: Dynamic microcell assignment for massively multiplayer online gaming. In: 4th ACMSIGCOMM workshop on Network and System Support for Games, pp. 1–7 (2005)
22.Denault, A., Canas, C., Kienzle, J., Kemme, B.: Triangle-based obstacle-aware load balancing for massively multiplayer games. In: 10th Annual Workshop on Network and Systems Support for Games (NetGames), pp. 1–6 (Oct. 6–7 2011)
23.Assiotis, M., Tzanov, V.: A distributed architecture for MMORPG. In: Proceedings of 5th ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Network and System Support for Games, Singapore (October 30–31, 2006)
24.Jardine, J., Zappala, D.: A hybrid architecture for massively multiplayer online games. In: Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Network and System Support for Games, Worcester, MA (October 21–22, 2008)
25.Bossche, B.V.D., Vleeschauwer, B.D., Verdickt, T., Turck, F.D., Dhoedt, B., Demeester, P.: Autonomic microcell assignment in massively distributed online virtual environments. J. Netw. Comput. Appl. 32(6), 1242–1256 (2009)CrossRef
26.Bezerra, C.E.B., Geyer, C.F.R.: A load balancing scheme for massively multiplayer online games. Multimed. Tools Appl. 45(1), 263–289 (2009)CrossRef
27.Deng, Y., Lau, R.W.H.: On delay adjustment for dynamic load balancing in distributed virtual environments. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 18(4), 529–537 (2012)CrossRef
28.H2 Database Engine, the Java SQL Database. http://www.h2database.com (2014)
29.Oracle: MySQL, The World’s Most Popular Open Source Database. http://www.mysql.com/ (2014)
30.Ganglia Monitor System, http://ganglia.sourceforge.net/ (2014)
31.Tiled Map Editor, http://www.mapeditor.org/ (2014) - 作者单位：Mei-Ling Chiang (1)
Bo-Wen Yu (1)
Chi-Shian Shia (1)
Jiun-Jiun Hwang (1)
Cheng-Han Li (1)
1. Department of Information Management, National Chi-Nan University, Puli, Nantou, Taiwan, ROC - 刊物类别：Computer Science
- 刊物主题：Theory of Computation
Processor Architectures
Software Engineering, Programming and Operating Systems - 出版者：Springer Netherlands
- ISSN：1573-7640
文摘
In a server cluster providing massively multiplayer online games, it is critical that the game workload is balanced among servers. This study develops a new mechanism, named Game Connection Handoff in operating system, which is able to transparently hand off a client’s live game connection between servers. The responding server for a player can be dynamically changed and the game workload thus can be dynamically adjusted to balance the server loads. An effective request distribution mechanism is also proposed, named game server locality-aware request distribution. This takes into account the information of game maps and server loading to dynamically distribute game maps and players among game servers. The proposed mechanisms have been implemented in the Linux kernel of LVS-CAD cluster. Practical experiments using a real multiplayer online game—Stendhal—show that the proposed mechanisms not only effectively increase the service capacity, but also transform the game server architecture from the original with a single server into one with multiple servers. Keywords Server cluster Load balance Operating system Multiplayer online games Linux