Positive selection drives the evolution of a major histocompatibility complex gene in an endangered Mexican salamander species complex

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• 作者：Karen E. Tracy ; Karen M. Kiemnec-Tyburczy ; J. Andrew DeWoody…
• 关键词：Ambystoma ; Balancing selection ; Disease ; Immunogenetics ; MHC
• 刊名：Immunogenetics
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：June 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：67
• 期：5-6
• 页码：323-335
• 全文大小：703 KB
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• 作者单位：Karen E. Tracy (1)
  Karen M. Kiemnec-Tyburczy (1)
  J. Andrew DeWoody (2)
  Gabriela Parra-Olea (3)
  Kelly R. Zamudio (1)
  
  1. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
  2. Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
  3. Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Biomedicine
  Immunology
  Allergology
  Cell Biology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1211

文摘

Immune gene evolution can be critical to species survival in the face of infectious disease. In particular, polymorphism in the genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) helps vertebrates combat novel and diverse pathogens by increasing the number of pathogen-derived proteins that can initiate the host’s acquired immune response. In this study, we used a combination of presumably adaptive and neutral markers to investigate MHC evolution in populations of five salamander species within the Ambystoma velasci complex, a group consisting of 15 recently diverged species, several of which are endangered. We isolated 31 unique MHC class II β alleles from 75 total individuals from five species in this complex. MHC heterozygosity was significantly lower than expected for all five species, and we found no clear relationship between number of MHC alleles and species range, life history, or level of heterozygosity. We inferred a phylogeny representing the evolutionary history of Ambystoma MHC, with which we found signatures of positive selection on the overall gene, putative peptide-binding residues, and allelic lineages. We identified several instances of trans-species polymorphism, a hallmark of balancing selection observed in other groups of closely related species. In contrast, we did not detect comparable allelic diversity or signatures of selection on neutral loci. Additionally, we identified 17 supertypes among the 44 unique Ambystoma alleles, indicating that these sequences may encode functionally distinct MHC variants. We therefore have strong evidence that positive selection is a major evolutionary force driving patterns of MHC polymorphism in this recently radiated species complex.