An observational and numerical study of river plume dynamics in Otsuchi Bay, Japan

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• 作者：Eiji Masunaga ; Oliver B. Fringer ; Hidekatsu Yamazaki
• 关键词：River plume ; Turbulent mixing ; Internal tide ; Ria estuary ; Otsuchi Bay
• 刊名：Journal of Oceanography
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：72
• 期：1
• 页码：3-21
• 全文大小：12,409 KB
• 参考文献：Anbo A, Otobe H, Takagi M (2005) On the river water discharged into Otsuchi Bay. Report of International Coastal Marine Research Center, 30, p 4–8 (in Japanese)
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• 作者单位：Eiji Masunaga (1)
  Oliver B. Fringer (2)
  Hidekatsu Yamazaki (1)
  
  1. Department of Ocean Sciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
  2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 473 Via Ortega, Office 187, Stanford, CA, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Oceanography
  Hydrobiology
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-868X

文摘

A newly developed tow-yo profiler (YODA Profiler) and a fully nonhydrostatic numerical model, SUNTANS, are used in this study to investigate river plume mixing in Otsuchi Bay, a ria estuary located in Iwate, Japan. Several field campaigns were conducted in the bay during early summer, late summer, and late winter. The YODA Profiler reveals fine features related to a shallow river plume that experiences rapid mixing events during the summer campaigns with a time scale of O(1) hour. These events coincide with strong baroclinic currents and large fluctuations in thermocline and pycnocline depths related to shoaling internal tides. The combined effects of wind stress and baroclinic flow appear to generate a strong shear near the surface layer and enhance mixing of the river plume, with typical eddy diffusivity values of O(10−4) m2 s−1. To investigate the physical mechanisms involved, numerical simulations are conducted with tidal and wind forcing. Analysis of tidal forcing mechanisms reveals that mixing near the river mouth (and upstream) is dominated by the barotropic tide, while turbulent mixing in the middle of the bay is significantly enhanced by the baroclinic internal tide. Wind forcing is also important for river plume dynamics; along-channel wind forcing mixes the river plume and transports it horizontally. Overall, this study suggests that all three forcing mechanisms (barotropic tide, baroclinic tide, and wind) are important for mixing processes of the river plume in Otsuchi Bay. Keywords River plume Turbulent mixing Internal tide Ria estuary Otsuchi Bay