Evaluation of genetic characteristics of wild and cultured populations of the Japanese pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii by using AFLP markers

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• 作者：T. Miyake ; K. Isowa ; T. Ishikawa ; A. Komaru ; K. Kawamura
• 关键词：AFLP marker ; Genetic diversity ; Genetic differentiation ; Genetic homogenization ; Genetic pollution ; Inbreeding ; Pinctada fucata martensii ; Relatedness ; Selective breeding
• 刊名：Aquaculture International
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：24
• 期：2
• 页码：537-548
• 全文大小：589 KB
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• 作者单位：T. Miyake (1)
  K. Isowa (2)
  T. Ishikawa (1)
  A. Komaru (1)
  K. Kawamura (1)
  
  1. Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
  2. Mie Prefectural Sea Faming Center, 3564-1 Hamajima-cho, Shima, Mie, 517-0404, Japan
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Hydrobiology
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-143X

文摘

Genetic characteristics of four wild (Mie, Fukui, Shimane and Nagasaki) and five cultured populations (selectively bred for 12 years with an origin of Ehime population) of the Japanese pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata martensii, were evaluated by using AFLP markers. Six primer pairs generated 1019 loci in total, among which 45.2–55.1 % was polymorphic among populations. Although there was no significant difference in gene diversity between wild (0.170–0.174) and cultured (0.158–0.173) populations, genetic relatedness in cultured populations (0.316–0.450) was about three times higher than that in wild populations (0.110–0.165). In addition, genetic differentiation was about twenty times larger in cultured populations (Nei’s distance: 0.0111) than in wild populations (Nei’s distance: 0.0005). These results mean that selective breeding can cause marked inbreeding as well as large genetic differentiation among cultured populations in a short period. On the other hand, it was suggested that genetic homogenization in the wild, probably due to a large-scale transport of cultured oysters, had progressed in the sea around Japan. In conclusion, it is necessary to prevent inbreeding by the reconsideration of the style of selective breeding in cultured populations, while the escape of gametes or spats of cultured strains in the wild should be avoided for the preservation of genetic characteristics in native populations of P. f. martensii.