Does child care availability play a role in maternal employment and children's development? Evidence from Italy

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Ylenia Brilli ; Daniela Del Boca ; Chiara D. Pronzato
• 关键词：Child care ; Female employment ; Child cognitive outcomes ; Test scores
• 刊名：Review of Economics of the Household
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：March 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：14
• 期：1
• 页码：27-51
• 全文大小：677 KB
• 参考文献：Antonelli, M. A., & Grembi, V. (2010). The more public the more private? The case of the Italian child care. CREI WP No 3.
  Baker, M., Gruber, J., & Milligan, K. (2008). Universal child care, maternal labour supply and family well-being. Journal of Political Economy 116(4), 709–745.CrossRef
  Becker, G. (1964). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education (1st ed.). Boston, MA: University of Chicago Press
  Berlinski, S., Galiani, S., & Gertler, P. (2009). The effect of pre-primary education on primary school performance. Journal of Public Economics 93, 219–234.CrossRef
  Berlinski, S., Galiani, S., & Manacorda, M. (2008). Giving children a better start: Preschool attendance and school-age profiles. Journal of Public Economics 92, 1416–1440.CrossRef
  Blau, D., & Currie, J. (2006). Pre-school, day care, and after-school care: Who’s minding the kids? In E. A. Hanushek & F. Welch (Eds.), Handbook of the economics of education (Vol. 2).
  Bratti, M., Del Bono, E., & Vuri, D. (2005). New mothers ’s labour force participation in Italy. LABOUR, 19, 79–121.CrossRef
  Carneiro, P., & Heckman, J. J. (2003). Human capital policy. In J. J. Heckman, A. B. Krueger & B. M. Friedman (Eds.), Inequality in America: What role for human capital policies? (pp. 77–239). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  Cascio, E. (2009). Maternal labor supply and the introduction of kindergarten in American public schools. Journal of Human Resources 44, 140–170.CrossRef
  Cittadinanzattiva. (2007). Gli asili nido comunali in Italia, tra caro rette e liste d’attesa: Dossier a cura dell’Osservatorio Prezzi e Tariffe di Cittadinanzattiva. Rome: Cittadinanzattiva.
  Cunha, F., Heckman, J., Lochner, L., & Masterov, D. (2006). Interpreting the evidence on life cycle skill formation. In: Hanushek, E. A. & Welch, F. (Ed.), Handbook of the economics of education (pp. 697–812). Amsterdam: North-Holland.
  Datta Gupta, N., & Simonsen, M. (2012). The effects of type of non-parental child care on pre-teen skills and risky behavior. Economics Letters 116(3), 622–625.CrossRef
  Del Boca, D. (2002). The effect of child care and part time opportunities on participation and fertility decisions in Italy. Journal of Population Economics 15(3), 549–573.CrossRef
  Del Boca, D., & Pasqua, S. (2010). Esiti scolastici e comportamentali, famiglia e servizi per l’infanzia. FGA Working Paper No 36/2010.
  Del Boca, D., Pasqua, S., & Pronzato, C. (2009). Motherhood and market work decisions in institutional context: A European perspective. Oxford Economic Papers 61(Suppl. 1), i147–i171.CrossRef
  Del Boca, D., & Vuri, D. (2007). The mismatch between employment and child care in Italy: The impact of rationing. Journal of Population Economics 20(4), 805–832.CrossRef
  EU (2002). Presidency conclusions. Barcelona European Council March 15 and 16, 2002.
  Fitzpatrick, M.D. (2008). Starting school at four: The effect of universal pre-kindergarten on children’s academic achievement. BE Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy 8(1 (Advances)), 1–38.
  Havnes, T., & Mogstad, M. (2010). Is universal child care leveling the playing field? Evidence from non-linear difference-in-differences. IZA Discussion Paper No 4978.
  Havnes, T., & Mogstad, M. (2011a). Money for nothing? Universal child care and maternal employment. Journal of Public Economics 95(11–12), 1455–1465.CrossRef
  Havnes, T., & Mogstad, M. (2011b). No child left behind: Subsidized child care and children’s long-run outcomes. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 3(2), 97–129.
  Heckman, J. J., Stixrud, J., & Urzua, S. (2006). The effects of cognitive and noncognitive abilities on labor market outcomes and social behavior. Journal of Labor Economics 24(3), 411–482.CrossRef
  INVALSI. (2011). Rilevazione degli Apprendimenti—SNV Prime Analisi A.S. 2009/2010. Istituto Nazionale per la Valutazione del Sistema Educativo di Istruzione e di Formazione.
  ISTAT. (2010). L’offerta comunale di asili nido e altri servizi socio-educativi per la prima infanzia. Anno Scolastico 2008/2009. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica.
  Istituto Degli Innocenti. (2006). I nidi e gli altri servizi educativi integrativi per la prima infanzia. Rassegna coordinata dei dati e delle normative nazionali e regionali al 31/12/2005. Quaderni del Centro Nazionale di Documentazione e Analisi per l’Infanzia e l’Adolescenza n. 36.
  Loeb, S., Bridges, M., Bassok, D., Fuller, B., & Rumberger, R. W. (2007). How much is too much? The influence of preschool centers on children’s social and cognitive development. Economics of Education Review 26, 52–66.CrossRef
  Melhuish, E., Sylva, K., Sammons, P., Siraj-Blatchford, I., Taggart, B., Phan, M., et al. (2008). Preschool influences on mathematics achievement. Science 321, 1161–1162.
  OECD. (2007). PISA 2006 science competencies for tomorrow’s world.
  OECD. (2010). OECD family database. Available at http://​www.​oecd.​org/​els/​social/​family/​database .
  Pavolini, E., & Arlotti, M. (2013). Growing unequal: Child care policies in Italy and the social class divide. Mimeo University of Macerata.
  Pronzato, C. (2009). Return to work after childbirth: Does parental leave matter in Europe? Review of Economics of the Household 7, 341–360.CrossRef
  Ruhm, C. (2004). Parental employment and child cognitive development. Journal of Human Resources XXXIX, 155–192.CrossRef
  
• 作者单位：Ylenia Brilli (1) (3)
  Daniela Del Boca (2) (3) (4)
  Chiara D. Pronzato (2) (3) (4)
  
  1. European University Institute, Badia Fiesolana, Via dei Roccettini 9, 50014, San Domenico di Fiesole, FI, Italy
  3. CHILD, Collegio Carlo Alberto, Via Real Collegio 30, 10024, Moncalieri, TO, Italy
  2. Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Turin, Campus Luigi Einaudi, Lungo Dora Siena 100, Turin, Italy
  4. IZA, Bonn, Germany
  
• 刊物类别：Business and Economics
• 刊物主题：Economics
  Microeconomics
  Labor Economics
  Population Economics
  Social Sciences
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-7152

文摘

This paper investigates the effects of public child care availability in Italy in mothers’ working status and children’s scholastic achievements. We use a newly available dataset containing individual standardized test scores of pupils attending the second grade of primary school in 2009–2010 in conjunction with data on public child care availability. Our estimates indicate a positive and significant effects of child care availability on both mothers’ working status and children’s Language test scores. We find that a percentage change in public child care coverage increases mothers’ probability to work by 1.3 percentage points and children’s Language test scores by 0.85 percent of one standard deviation; we do not find any effect on Math test scores. Moreover, the impact of a percentage change in public child care on mothers’ employment and children’s Language test scores is greater in provinces where child care availability is more limited.