Origin and evolution of ore fluids in the late Mesozoic Naozhi epithermal Au–Cu deposit, Yanbian area, Northeast China: evidence from fluid inclusion and isotopic geochemistry

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• 作者：A-Lei Gu ; Lan-jing Men ; Jing-Gui Sun ; Keisuke Nagao…
• 关键词：Fluid inclusions ; Noble gas isotopes ; Pb isotopes ; Origin and evolution of ore fluids ; Naozhi ; Epithermal Au–Cu deposit ; Yanbian
• 刊名：Arabian Journal of Geosciences
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：9
• 期：2
• 全文大小：6,087 KB
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• 作者单位：A-Lei Gu (1)
  Lan-jing Men (2)
  Jing-Gui Sun (1)
  Keisuke Nagao (3)
  Ling-An Bai (1) (4)
  Long-pei Cui (1) (2) (3)
  Peng Chai (1)
  Yan-jun Chen (1)
  Jun-quan Zhu (1)
  
  1. College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, 2199 Jianshe Street, Changchun, 130061, China
  2. Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun, China
  3. Laboratory for Earthquake Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 7-3-1, Japan
  4. Guangxi Scientific Experiment Center of Mining, Metallurgy and Environment, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1866-7538

文摘

The Naozhi Au–Cu deposit is located on the continental margin of Northeast China, forming part of the West Pacific porphyry–epithermal gold–copper metallogenic belt. In this paper, we systematically analyzed the compositions, homogenization temperatures, and salinity of fluid inclusions as well as their noble gas isotopic and Pb isotopic compositions from the deposit. These new data show that (1) five types of fluid inclusions were identified as pure gas inclusions (V-type), pure liquid inclusions (L-type), gas–liquid two-phase inclusions (W-type, as the main fluid inclusions (FIs)), CO₂-bearing inclusions (C-type), and daughter-mineral-bearing polyphase inclusions (S-type); (2) W-type FIs in quartz crystals of early, main, and late stage are homogenized at temperatures of 324.7–406.7, 230–338.8, and 154.6–308 °C, with salinities of 2.40–7.01 wt% NaCl_eq, 1.73–9.47 wt% NaCl_eq, and 6.29 wt% NaCl_eq, respectively. S-type FIs in quartz crystals of early stage are homogenized at temperatures of 328.6–400 °C, with salinities of 39.96–46.00 wt% NaCl_eq; (3) Raman analysis results reveal that the vapor compositions of early ore-forming fluids consisted of CO₂ and H₂O, with H₂O gradually increasing and CO₂ being absent at the late mineralization stage; (4) fluid inclusions in pyrite and chalcopyrite have 3He/4He ratios of 0.03–0.104 Ra, 20Ne/22Ne ratios of 9.817–9.960, and 40Ar/36Ar ratios of 324–349. These results indicate that the percentage of radiogenic 40Ar* in fluid inclusions varies from 8.8 to 15.5 %, containing 84.5–91.2 % atmospheric 40Ar; (5) the 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, and 206Pb/204Pb ratios of sulfides are 18.1822–18.3979, 15.5215–15.5998, and 38.1313–38.3786, respectively. These data combined with stable isotope data and the chronology of diagenesis and metallogenesis enable us suppose that the ore-forming fluids originated from the melting of the lower crust, caused by the subduction of an oceanic slab, whereas the mineralized fluids were exsolved from the late crystallization stage and subsequently contaminated by crustal materials/fluids during ascent, including meteoric water, and the mineral precipitation occurred at a shallow crustal level.