Environmental assessment on a soil washing process of a Pb-contaminated shooting range site: a case study

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• 作者：Do-Hyung Kim (1)
  Bo-Ram Hwang (2)
  Deok-Hyun Moon (3)
  Yong-Seok Kim (4)
  Kitae Baek (2)
  
• 关键词：Environmental assessment ; Soil washing process ; Pb contamination ; Shooting range site ; Green and sustainable remediation
• 刊名：Environmental Science and Pollution Research
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：December 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：20
• 期：12
• 页码：8417-8424
• 全文大小：
• 作者单位：Do-Hyung Kim (1)
  Bo-Ram Hwang (2)
  Deok-Hyun Moon (3)
  Yong-Seok Kim (4)
  Kitae Baek (2)
  
  1. Department of Civil and Environmental Sciences, Korea Army Academy at Young-Cheon, 135-1, Changhari, Gogyeongmyeon, Yeong-Cheon, Gyeongbuk, 770-849, Republic of Korea
  2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 561-756, Republic of Korea
  3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, 501-759, Republic of Korea
  4. Water Environmental Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research Kyungseo-dong, Seo-gu, Inchon, 404-170, Republic of Korea
  
• ISSN：1614-7499

文摘

In this study, an environmental assessment on a soil washing process for the remediation of a Pb-contaminated shooting range site was conducted, using a green and sustainable remediation tool, i.e., SiteWise ver. 2, based on data relating specifically to the actual remediation project. The entire soil washing process was classified into four major stages, consisting of soil excavation (stage I), physical separation (stage II), acid-based (0.2?N HCl) chemical extraction (stage III), and wastewater treatment (stage IV). Environmental footprints, including greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, energy consumption, water consumption, and critical air pollutant productions such as PM10, NO x , and SO x , were calculated, and the relative contribution of each stage was analyzed in the environmental assessment. In stage I, the relative contribution of the PM10 emissions was 55.3?% because the soil excavation emitted the fine particles. In stage II, the relative contribution of NO x and SO x emissions was 42.5 and 52.5?%, respectively, which resulted from electricity consumption for the operation of the separator. Stage III was the main contributing factor to 63.1?% of the GHG emissions, 67.5?% of total energy used, and 37.4?% of water consumptions. The relatively high contribution of stage III comes from use of consumable chemicals such as HCl and water-based extraction processes. In stage IV, the relative contributions of GHG emissions, total energy used, and NO x and SO x emissions were 23.2, 19.4, 19.5, and 25.3?%, respectively, which were caused by chemical and electricity demands for system operation. In conclusion, consumable chemicals such as HCl and NaOH, electric energy consumption for system operation, and equipment use for soil excavation were determined to be the major sources of environmental pollution to occur during the soil washing process. Especially, the acid-based chemical extraction process should be avoided in order to improve the sustainability of soil washing processes.