Bubble migration in a compacting crystal-liquid mush

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Alan Boudreau
• 关键词：Bubble migration ; Igneous fluids ; Layered intrusions
• 刊名：Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：171
• 期：4
• 全文大小：4,512 KB
• 参考文献：Aird HM, Boudreau AE (2013) High-temperature carbonate minerals in the Stillwater Complex, Montana, USA. Contrib Mineral Petrol 166:1143–1160CrossRef
  Alger CK, Boudreau BP, Barry MA (2011) Initial rise of bubbles in cohesive sediments by a process of viscoelastic fracture. J Geophys Res 116:B04207. doi:10.​1029/​2010JB008133
  Appold MS, Nunn JA (2002) Numerical models of petroleum migration via buoyancy porosity waves in viscously deformable sediments. Geofluids 2:233–247CrossRef
  Armienti P, Francalanci L, Landi P (2007) Textural effects of steady state behavior of the Stromboli feeding system. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 160:86–98CrossRef
  Bachmann O, Bergantz GW (2006) Gas percolation in upper-crustal silicic crystal mushes as a mechanism for upward heat advection and rejuvenation of near-solidus magma bodies. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 149:85–102CrossRef
  Belien IB, Cashman KV, Rempel AW (2010) Gas accumulation in particle-rich suspensions and implications for bubble populations in crystal-rich magma. Earth Planet Sci Lett 297:133–140. doi:10.​1016/​j.​epsl.​2010.​06.​014 CrossRef
  Boorman SL, McGuire JB, Boudreau AE, Kruger FJ (2003) Fluid overpressure in layered intrusions, Part II: formation of a breccia pipe in the eastern Bushveld Complex, Republic of South Africa. Miner Deposita 38:356–369
  Boorman S, Boudreau AE, Kruger FJ (2004) The lower zone—critical zone transition of the Bushveld Complex: a quantitative textural study. J Petrol 45:1209–1235CrossRef
  Boudreau BP (2012) The physics of bubbles in surficial, soft cohesive sediments. Mar Petrol Geol 38:1–18CrossRef
  Boudreau AE, McCallum IS (1986) Investigations of the Stillwater Complex, Part III. The Picket Pin Pt/Pd deposit. Econ Geol 81:1953–1975CrossRef
  Boudreau AE, McCallum IS (1989) Investigations of the Stillwater Complex: part V. Apatites as indicators of evolving fluid composition. Contrib Mineral Petrol 102:138–153CrossRef
  Braun K, Meurer W, Boudreau AE, McCallum IS (1994) Geochemistry of pegmatoids beneath the J-M Reef, Stillwater Complex, Montana. Chem Geol 113:245–257CrossRef
  Burnham CW (1979) Magmas and hydrothermal fluids. In: Barnes HL (ed) Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York, pp 71–136
  Caltabiano T, Burton M, Giammanov S, Allard P, Bruno N, Murè F, Romano R (2004) Volcanic gas emissions from the summit craters and flanks of Mt. Etna, 1987–2000. Am Geophys Union Geophys Monogr. doi:10.​1029/​143GM08
  Candela PA (1991) Physics of aqueous phase evolution in plutonic environments. Am Mineral 76:1081–1091
  Chauveau B, Kaminski E (2008) Porous compaction in transient creep regime and implications for melt, petroleum, and CO2 circulation. J Geophys Res 113:B09406. doi:10.​1029/​2007JB005088 CrossRef
  Chutas NI, Prevec S, Bates E, Coleman D, Boudreau AE (2011) Pb and Sr isotopic disequilibrium between orthopyroxene and plagioclase in the Critical Zone, Bushveld Complex, S. Africa. Contrib Mineral Petrol 163:653–668CrossRef
  Connolly JAD (2010) The mechanics of metamorphic fluid expulsion. Elements. doi:10.​2113/​gselemnts.​6.​3.​165
  Connolly JAD, Podladchikov YY (1998) Compaction-driven fluid flow in viscoelastic rock. Geodin Acta 11:55–84CrossRef
  Connolly JAD, Schmidt MW, Solferino G, Bagdassarov N (2009) Permeability of asthenospheric mantle and melt extraction rates at mid-ocean ridges. Nature 462:209–212. doi:10.​1038/​nature08517 CrossRef
  Davydov MN (2012) Nucleation and growth of a gas bubble in magma. J Appl Mech Tech Phys 53:324–332CrossRef
  Duan Z, Moller N, Weare JH (1996) A general equation of state for supercritical fluid mixtures and molecular dynamics simulation of mixture PVTX properties. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 60:1209–1216CrossRef
  Ferguson J, McCarthy TS (1970) Origin of an ultramafic pegmatoid in the eastern part of the Bushveld Complex. Geol Soc S Afr Spec Pub 1:74–79
  Fowler AC, Rust AC, Vynnycky M (2015) The formation of vesicular cylinders in pahoehoe lava flows. Geophys Astro Fluid 109:39–61. doi:10.​1080/​03091929.​2014.​955799
  Geist D, Boudreau A, Garcia M, Harpp K., Mathez E, Marsh B (2005) Origin of mafic pegmatoids in the Dais Intrusion, Wright Valley, Antarctica. EOS Trans Am Geophys Union 86(52) Fall Meeting Supplement, Abstract V14C-07
  Gonnermann HM, Manga M (2013) Dynamics of magma ascent in the volcanic conduit. In: Fagents SA, Gregg TKP, Lopes RMC (eds) Modeling volcanic processes: the physics and mathematics of volcanism. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 55–84CrossRef
  Gurioli L, Harris AJL, Houghton BF, Polacci M, Ripepe M (2008) Textural and geophysical characterization of explosive basaltic activity at Villarrica volcano. J Geophys Res. doi:10.​1029/​2007JB005328
  Hanley JJ, Mungall JE, Pettke T, Spooner ETC, Bray CJ (2008) Fluid and halide melt inclusions of magmatic origin in the Ultramafic and Lower Banded Series, Stillwater Complex, Montana, USA. J Petrol 49:1133–1160CrossRef
  Haskin LA, Salpas PA (1992) Genesis of compositional characteristics of Stillwater AN-I and AN-II thick anorthosite units. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 56:1187–1212CrossRef
  Huber C, Bachmann O, Vigneresse J-L, Dufek J, Parmigiani A (2012) A physical model for metal extraction and transport in shallow magmatic systems. Geochem Geophys Geosyst. doi:10.​1029/​2012GC004042
  Kanitpanyacharoen W, Boudreau AE (2013) Sulfide-associated mineral assemblages in the Bushveld Complex, South Africa: platinum-group element enrichment by vapor refining by chloride-carbonate fluids. Miner Deposita 48:193–210CrossRef
  Kinloch ED (1982) Regional trends in the platinum-group mineralogy of the Critical zone of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Econ Geol 77:1328–1347CrossRef
  Kinnaird JA, Kruger FJ, Nex PAM, Cawthorn RG (2002) Chromitite formation—a key to understanding processes of platinum enrichment. Trans Inst Min Metall B 111:B23–B35
  Labotka TC, Kath R (2001) Petrogenesis of the contact-metamorphic rocks beneath the Stillwater Complex, Montana. Geol Soc Am Bull 113:1312–1323CrossRef
  Lake ET (2013) Crystallization and saturation front propagation in silicic magma chambers. Earth Planet Sci Lett 383:182–193CrossRef
  Lee C-TA, Morton DM (2015) High silica granites: terminal porosity and crystal settling in shallow mama chambers. Earth Planet Sci Lett 409:23–31CrossRef
  McKenzie D (1984) The generation and compaction of partially molten rock. J Petrol 25:713–765CrossRef
  Métrich N, Bertagnini A, Landi P, Rosi M (2001) Crystallization driven by decompression and water loss at Stromboli volcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy). J Petrol 42:1471–1490CrossRef
  Meurer WP, Boudreau AE (1996) Compaction of density-stratified cumulates: effect on trapped-liquid distribution. J Geol 104:115–120CrossRef
  Meurer WP, Boudreau AE (1998a) Compaction of igneous cumulates. Part I—geochemical consequences for cumulates and liquid fractionation trends. J Geol 106:281–292CrossRef
  Meurer WP, Boudreau AE (1998b) Compaction of igneous cumulates. Part II—compaction and the development of igneous foliation. J Geol 106:293–304CrossRef
  Meurer WP, Meurer MES (2006) Using apatite to dispel the “trapped liquid” concept and to understand the loss of interstitial liquid by compaction in mafic cumulates: an example from the Stillwater Complex, Montana. Contrib Mineral Petrol 151:187–201CrossRef
  Meurer WP, Klaber SA, Boudreau AE (1997) Discordant bodies from Olivine-Bearing zones III and IV of the Stillwater complex, Montana—evidence for post-cumulus fluid migration in layered intrusions. Contrib Mineral Petrol 130:81–92CrossRef
  Mungall JE (2015) Physical controls of nucleation, growth and migration of vapor bubbles in partially molten cumulates. In: Charlier B, Namur O, Latypov R, Tegner C (eds) Layered intrusions. Springer Geology. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 331–378. doi:10.​1007/​978-94-017-9652-1_​8 CrossRef
  Oppenheimer J, Rust AC, Cashman KV, Sandnes B (2015) Gas migration regimes and outgassing in particle-rich suspensions. Front Phys 3:1–13. doi:10.​3389/​fphy.​2015.​00060 CrossRef
  Parmigiani A, Huber C, Bachmann O, Chopard B (2011) Pore-scale mass and reactant transport in multiphase porous media flow. J Fluid Mech 686:40–76. doi:10.​1017/​jfm.​2011.​268 CrossRef
  Philpotts AR, Carrol M, Hill JM (1996) Crystal-mush compaction and the origin of pegmatitic segregation sheets in a thick flood-basalt flow in the Mesozoic Hartford Basin, Connecticut. J Petrol 37:811–836CrossRef
  Philpotts AR, Shi J, Brustman C (1998) Role of plagioclase crystal chains in the differentiation of partly crystallized basaltic magma. Nature 395:343–346CrossRef
  Philpotts AR, Brustman CM, Shi J, Carlson WD, Denison C (1999) Plagioclase-chain networks in slowly cooled basaltic magma. Am Mineral 84:1819–1829CrossRef
  Pistone M, Arzilli F, Dobson KJ, Cordonnier B, Reusser E, Ulmer P, Marone F, Whittington AG, Mancini L, Fife J, Blundy JD (2015) Gas-driven filter pressing in magmas: insights into in situ melt segregation from crystal mushes. Geology. doi:10.​1130/​G36766.​1
  Polacci M, Corsaro RA, Andronico D (2006) Coupled textural and compositional characterization of basaltic scoria: insights into the transition from Strombolian to fire fountain activity at Mount Etna, Italy. Geology 34:201–204CrossRef
  Proussevitch AA, Sahagian DL (1998) Dynamics and energetics of bubble growth in magmas: analytical formulation and numerical modeling. J Geophys Res 103:18223–18251CrossRef
  Rust AC, Cashman KV (2004) Permeability of vesicular silicic magma: inertial and hysteresis effects. Earth Planet Sci Lett 228:93–107CrossRef
  Schmidt MW, Solferino G (2012) Settling and compaction of olivine in basaltic magmas: an experimental study on the time scales of cumulate formation. Contrib Mineral Petrol 164:959–976CrossRef
  Shirley DN (1986) Compaction of igneous cumulates. J Geol 94:795–809CrossRef
  Shirley DN (1987) Differentiation and compaction in the Palisades sill, New Jersey. J Petrol 28:835–865CrossRef
  Sonnenthal EL (1992) Geochemistry of dendritic anorthosites and associated pegmatites in the Skaergaard Intrusion, East Greenland: evidence for metasomatism by a chlorine-rich fluid. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 52:209–230CrossRef
  Stewart JP, Bray JD, McMahon DJ, Smith PM, Kropp A (2001) Seismic performance of hillside fills. J Geotech Geoenviron 127:905–919CrossRef
  Tegner C, Thy P, Holness MB, Jakobsen JK, Lesher CE (2009) Differentiation and compaction in the Skaergaard Intrusion. J Petrol 50:813–840CrossRef
  Toramaru A (1995) Numerical study of nucleation and growth of bubbles in viscous magmas. J Geophys Res 100:1913–1931CrossRef
  Tran A, Rudolph ML, Manga M (2015) Bubble mobility in mud and magmatic volcanoes. J Volcanol Geotherm Res 294:11–24CrossRef
  Vigneresse J-L (2014) Textures and melt-crystal-gas interactions in granites. Geosci Front 6:635–663. doi:10.​1016/​j.​gsf.​2014.​12.​004 CrossRef
  von Bargen N, Waff HS (1988) Wetting of enstatite by basaltic melt at 1350°C and 1.0 to 2.5 GPa pressure. J Geophys Res 93(B2):9261–9276
  Waff HS, Bulau JR (1979) Equilibrium fluid distribution in an ultramafic partial melt under hydrostatic stress conditions. J Geophys Res 84:6109–6114CrossRef
  Wark DA, Williams CA, Watson EB, Price JD (2003) Reassessment of pore shapes in microstructurally equilibrated rocks, with implications for permeability of the upper mantle. J Geophys Res. doi:10.​1029/​2001JB001575
  Willmore CC, Boudreau AE, Kruger FJ (2000) The halogen geochemistry of the Bushveld Complex, Republic of South Africa: implications for chalcophile element distribution in the lower and critical zones. J Petrol 41:1517–1539CrossRef
  
• 作者单位：Alan Boudreau (1)
  
  1. Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Geology
  Mineral Resources
  Mineralogy
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0967

文摘

Recent theoretical models have suggested that bubbles are unlikely to undergo significant migration in a compaction crystal mush by capillary invasion while the system remains partly molten. To test this, experiments of bubble migration during compaction in a crystal-liquid mush were modeled using deformable foam crystals in corn syrup in a volumetric burette, compacted with rods of varying weights. A bubble source was provided by sodium bicarbonate (Alka-Seltzer®). Large bubbles (>several crystal sizes) are pinched by the compacting matrix and become overpressured and deformed as the bubbles experience a load change from hydrostatic to lithostatic. Once they begin to move, they move much faster than the compaction-driven liquid. Bubbles that are about the same size as the crystals but larger than the narrower pore throats move by deformation or breaking into smaller bubbles as they are forced through pore restrictions. Bubbles that are less than the typical pore diameter generally move with the liquid: The liquid + bubble mixture behaves as a single phase with a lower density than the bubble-free liquid, and as a consequence it rises faster than bubble-free liquid and allows for faster compaction. The overpressure required to force a bubble through the matrix (max grain size = 5 mm) is modest, about 5 %, and it is estimated that for a grain size of 1 mm, the required overpressure would be about 25 %. Using apatite distribution in a Stillwater olivine gabbro as an analog for bubble nucleation and growth, it is suggested that relatively large bubbles initially nucleate and grow in liquid-rich channels that develop late in the compaction history. Overpressure from compaction allows bubbles to rise higher into hotter parts of the crystal pile, where they redissolve and increase the volatile content of the liquid over what it would have without the bubble migration, leading to progressively earlier vapor saturation during crystallization of the interstitial liquid. Bubbles can also move rapidly by ‘surfing’ on porosity waves that can develop in a compacting mush.