Häufigkeitszunahme der Narkolepsie im Kindes- und Jugendalter
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- 作者：Prof. Dr. B. Schlüter ; U. Schürmann ; C. Roll
- 关键词：SchlüsselwörterHypersomnie ; Kardiorespiratorische Polysomnographie ; Multipler Schlaflatenztest ; „Human leukocyte antigens“Hypocretin
- 刊名：Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：December 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：164
- 期：12
- 页码：1103-1109
- 全文大小：
- 刊物类别：Medicine
- 刊物主题：Pediatrics; General Practice / Family Medicine;
- 出版者：Springer Medizin
- ISSN：1433-0474
- 卷排序：164
文摘
The case series of the sleep laboratory at the children’s hospital in Datteln in the time period 1995–2015 included 64 patients with narcolepsy (32 boys, 32 girls, median age 12.5 years). Whereas 5 patients were diagnosed within the 15 years from 1995 to 2010, the number of patients increased to 59 within the 5 years from 2011 to 2015. The analysis of the age of onset when the first symptoms occurred, revealed an increase already from 2008 onwards. The interval between the onset of symptoms and the definite diagnosis of narcolepsy was 9.5 months (median). The main symptom of hypersomnia was present in all patients and of these 53 % had cataplexy, 3.1 % sleep paralysis and 1.6 % hypnagogic hallucinations. A clinical manifestation with sudden onset of symptoms was found in 65.5 % of patients and a slow onset in 34.4 %. A positive family history of narcolepsy was found in 15.6 %. In 9.4 % of the patients immunization against H1N1 (Pandemrix®) preceded the manifestation of narcolepsy. The results of the polysomnography (PSG) recordings and multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) and the laboratory findings of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) markers and hypocretin in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are presented. The case series shows the problem of incomplete expression of the typical symptoms and findings of narcolepsy in children and adolescents. Thus, in cases of unclear hypersomnia in this age group PSG and MSLT should be repeatedly tested if clinical symptoms persist.