Are Molecules Involved in Neuritogenesis and Axon Guidance Related to Autism Pathogenesis?

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• 作者：Jan Bakos ; Zuzana Bacova ; Stephen G. Grant ; Ana M. Castejon…
• 关键词：Autism ; Neurites ; Brain development ; Biomarkers ; Cytoskeletal remodeling
• 刊名：NeuroMolecular Medicine
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：September 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：17
• 期：3
• 页码：297-304
• 全文大小：595 KB
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• 作者单位：Jan Bakos (1) (5)
  Zuzana Bacova (1) (2)
  Stephen G. Grant (3)
  Ana M. Castejon (4)
  Daniela Ostatnikova (5)
  
  1. Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlarska 3, Bratislava, Slovakia
  5. Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Comenius University, Vlarska 3, Bratislava, Slovakia
  2. Department of Normal and Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
  3. College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
  4. College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
  
• 刊物主题：Neurosciences; Neurology; Internal Medicine;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1559-1174

文摘

Autism spectrum disorder is a heterogeneous disease, and numerous alterations of gene expression come into play to attempt to explain potential molecular and pathophysiological causes. Abnormalities of brain development and connectivity associated with alterations in cytoskeletal rearrangement, neuritogenesis and elongation of axons and dendrites might represent or contribute to the structural basis of autism pathology. Slit/Robo signaling regulates cytoskeletal remodeling related to axonal and dendritic branching. Components of its signaling pathway (ABL and Cdc42) are suspected to be molecular bases of alterations of normal development. The present review describes the most important mechanisms underlying neuritogenesis, axon pathfinding and the role of GTPases in neurite outgrowth, with special emphasis on alterations associated with autism spectrum disorders. On the basis of analysis of publicly available microarray data, potential biomarkers of autism are discussed.