Contrasting effects of cover crops on ‘hot spot-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in organic tomato

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Ezekiel Mugendi Njeru ; Luciano Avio ; Gionata Bocci…
• 关键词：Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores ; Agricultural systems ; Glomeromycota ; Species diversity ; AMF diversity hot spot ; Biosphere reserves
• 刊名：Biology and Fertility of Soils
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：February 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：51
• 期：2
• 页码：151-166
• 全文大小：528 KB
• 参考文献：1. Avio L, Castaldini M, Fabiani A, Bedini S, Sbrana C, Turrini A, Giovannetti M (2013) Impact of nitrogen fertilization and soil tillage on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in a Mediterranean agroecosystem. Soil Biol Biochem 67:285-94 CrossRef
  2. Bedini S, Avio L, Sbrana C, Turrini A, Migliorini P, Vazzana C, Giovannetti M (2013) Mycorrhizal activity and diversity in a long-term organic Mediterranean agroecosystem. Biol Fert Soil 49:781-90 CrossRef
  3. Berta G, Copetta A, Gamalero E, Bona E, Cesaro P, Scarafoni A, D’Agostino G (2013) Maize development and grain quality are differentially affected by mycorrhizal fungi and a growth-promoting pseudomonad in the field. Mycorrhiza 24:161-70 CrossRef
  4. Bever JD, Schultz PA, Pringle A, Morton JB (2001) Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: more diverse than meets the eye, and the ecological tale of why. Biogeosciences 51:923-31 CrossRef
  5. B?aszkowski J (2012) Glomeromycota. Kraków: W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences
  6. B?aszkowski J, Wubet T, Harikumar VS, Ryszka P, Buscot F (2010) / Glomus indicum, a new arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus. Botany 88:132-43 CrossRef
  7. Camargo-Ricalde S, Dhillion S (2003) Endemic / Mimosa species can serve as mycorrhizal “resource islands-within semiarid communities of the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico. Mycorrhiza 13:129-36 CrossRef
  8. Campiglia E, Caporali F, Radicetti E, Mancinelli R (2010) Hairy vetch ( / Vicia villosa Roth.) cover crop residue management for improving weed control and yield in no-tillage tomato ( / Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) production. Eur J Agron 33:94-02 CrossRef
  9. Cesaro P, van Tuinen D, Copetta A, Chatagnier O, Berta G, Gianinazzi S, Lingua G (2008) Preferential colonization of / Solanum tuberosum L. roots by the fungus / Glomus intraradices in arable soil of a potato farming area. Appl Environ Micro 74:5776-783 CrossRef
  10. Clark A (2007) Managing cover crops profitably, 3rd edn. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville
  11. Conversa G, Lazzizera C, Bonasia A, Elia A (2013) Yield and phosphorus uptake of a processing tomato crop grown at different phosphorus levels in a calcareous soil as affected by mycorrhizal inoculation under field conditions. Biol Fert Soils 49:691-03 CrossRef
  12. Costanzo A, Bàrberi P (2013) Functional agrobiodiversity and agroecosystem services in sustainable wheat production. A review. Agron Sustain Dev 34:327-48 CrossRef
  13. D’Souza J, Rodrigues BF (2013) Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in mangroves of Goa in West India. J For Res 24:515-23 CrossRef
  14. Douds DD Jr, Millner PD (1999) Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agroecosystems. Agr Ecosyst Environ 74:77-3 CrossRef
  15. Douds DD Jr, Nagahashi G, Reider C, Hepperly PR (2007) Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increases the yield of potatoes in a high P soil. Biol Agric Hortic 25:67-8 CrossRef
  16. Galvez L, Douds DD Jr, Wagoner P, Longnecker LR, Drinkwater LE, Janke RR (1995) An overwintering cover crop increases inoculum of VAM fungi in agricultural soil. Am J Alternative Agr 10:152-56 CrossRef
  17. Garland BC, Schroeder-Moreno MS, Fernandez GE, Creamer NG (2011) Infl
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Agriculture
  Soil Science and Conservation
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0789

文摘

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities are fundamental in organic cropping systems where they provide essential agro-ecosystem services, improving soil fertility and sustaining crop production. They are affected by agronomic practices, but still, scanty information is available about the role of specific crops, crop rotations and the use of winter cover crops on the AMF community compositions at the field sites. A field experiment was conducted to elucidate the role of diversified cover crops and AMF inoculation on AMF diversity in organic tomato. Tomato, pre-inoculated at nursery with two AMF isolates, was grown following four cover crop treatments: Indian mustard, hairy vetch, a mixture of seven species and a fallow. Tomato root colonization at flowering was more affected by AMF pre-transplant inoculation than by the cover crop treatments. An enormous species richness was found by morphological spore identification: 58 AMF species belonging to 14 genera, with 46 and 53 species retrieved at the end of cover crop cycle and at tomato harvest, respectively. At both sampling times, AMF spore abundance was highest in hairy vetch, but after tomato harvest, AMF species richness and diversity were lower in hairy vetch than in the cover crop mixture and in the mustard treatments. A higher AMF diversity was found at tomato harvest, compared with the end of the cover crop cycle, independent of the cover crop and pre-transplant AMF inoculation. Our findings suggest that seasonal and environmental factors play a major role on AMF abundance and diversity than short-term agronomic practices, including AMF inoculation. The huge AMF diversity is explained by the field history and the Mediterranean environment, where species characteristic of temperate and sub-tropical climates co-occur.