Comparative analysis of the 1-mile run test evaluation formulae: Assessment of aerobic capacity in male law enforcement officers aged 20-3 years

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Gürhan Kayihan (1) (2) (7)
  Ali ?zkan (3)
  Yusuf K?klü (4)
  Ender Eyubo?lu (5)
  Firat Ak?a (6)
  Mitat Koz (6)
  Gülfem Ers?z (6)
  
• 关键词：Maximal oxygen uptake ; Field aerobic tests ; Police officers ; One mile run test ; Physical fitness ; Young adults
• 刊名：International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：April 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：27
• 期：2
• 页码：165-174
• 全文大小：
• 参考文献：1. Sztajnkrycer MD, Callaway DW, Baez AA. Police officer response to the injured officer: A survey-based analysis of medical care decisions. Prehosp Dis Med. 2007;22(4):335-41.
  2. Vrij A, Dingemans L. Physical effort of police officers as a determinant of their behavior toward criminals. J Soc Psychol. 1996;136(4):461-68, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1996.9714027 . CrossRef
  3. Vrij A, van der Steen J, Koppelaar L. The effects of physical effort on police officers-perception and aggression in simulated shooting incidents. Psychol Crime Law. 1994;1(4):301-08, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10683169508411967 . CrossRef
  4. Richard K. Justifying and Validating a Department Fitness Program. NLETA Online Magazine. 2003 [cited 2012 Dec 15]. Available from: http://www.nleta.com/articles/justifyingandvalidatingdeptfitnessprogram.html.
  5. Suminski LT. Physical fitness and law enforcement. Roseville Police Department, Eastern Michigan University; 2006.
  6. Taylor WC, Blair SN, Cummings SS, Wun CC, Malina RM. Childhood and adolescent physical activity patterns and adult physical activity. Med Sci Sports Exercise. 1999;31(1):118-23, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199901000-00019 . CrossRef
  7. Mitchell JH, Sproule BJ, Chapman CB. The physiological meaning of the maximal oxygen intake test. J Clin Inves. 1958;37(4):538, http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI103636 . CrossRef
  8. Cureton K, Plowman S. Aerobic capacity assessments. In: Gregory J, James R, Harold B, editors. Fitnessgram reference guide. Dallas, TX: The Cooper Institute; 2008. p. 66-6.
  9. Gordon NF. ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2009.
  10. Shell DE. Physical fitness: Tips for the law enforcement executive. FBI Law Enforc Bull. 2005;74(5):27-1.
  11. Quigley A. Fit for duty? The need for physical fitness programs for law enforcement officers. Police Chief. 2008;75(6):62.
  12. Quigley A. Physical fitness and wellness at the Hallandale Beach Police Department. SLP Research. 2009;13(1):1-3.
  13. McCormack W. Grooming and weight standards for law enforcement: The Legal Issues. FBI Law Enforc Bull. 1994;63(7):27-2.
  14. Brooks ME, Agent JDSS, Unit LI. Law enforcement physical fitness standards and title VII. FBI Law Enforc Bull. 2001;70(5):26-1.
  15. Pryor RR, Colburn D, Crill MT, Hostler DP, Suyama J. Fitness characteristics of a suburban special weapons and tactics team. J Strength Condit Res. 2012;26(3):752-57, http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318225f177 .
  16. Mier CM, Gibson AL. Evaluation of a treadmill test for predicting the aerobic capacity of firefighters. Occup Med. 2004;54(6):373-78, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqh008 . CrossRef
  17. Ebling P. Physical fitness in law enforcement. FBI Law Enforc Bull. 2002;71(10):1-.
  18. Smith Jr J. Health and fitness in law enforcement: A voluntary model program response to a critical issue. CALEA Iss. 2005;14:87.
  19. Akerholt M, Jacobsen T, Holm S, Nordbo C. The best indirect VO_2max test to be used at “Medisch Trainings Centrum-Geldrop when testing youth (age 12-8). Eindhoven: Fontys University of Professional Education Department of Physiotherapy; 2003.
  20. Meredith MD, Welk GJ. Fitnessgram/Activitygram test administration manual. Dallas: Human Kinetics; 2006.
  21. Kline GM, Porcari JP, Hintermeister R, Freedson PS, Ward A, McCarron RF, et al. Estimation of VO_2max from a one-mile track walk, gender, age, and body weight. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1987;19(3):253-59. CrossRef
  22. George JD, Vehrs P, Allsen PE, Fellingham GW, Fisher AG. VO_2max estimation from a submaximal 1-mile track jog for fit college-age individuals. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1993;25:401-06.
  23. Buono MJ, Roby JJ, Micale F, Sallis JF, Shephard E. Validity and reliability of predicting maximum oxygen uptake via field tests in children and adolescents. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 1991;3(3):250-55.
  24. McMurray RG, Harrell JS, Bradley CB, Deng S, Bangdiwala SI. Predicted maximal aerobic power in youth is related to age, gender, and ethnicity. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002;34(1):145-51, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200201000-00022 . CrossRef
  25. Castro-Pi?ero J, Ortega F, Mora J, Sjostrom M, Ruiz J. Criterion related validity of 1/2 mile run-walk test for estimating VO_2peak in children aged 6-7 years. Int J Sports Med. 2009;30(5):366-71, http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0028-1105934 . CrossRef
  26. Laukkanen R, Kukkonen-Harjula T, Oja P, Pasanen M, Vuori I. Prediction of change in maximal aerobic power by the 2-km walk test after walking training in middle-aged adults. Int J of Sports Med. 2000;21(2):113-16, http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2000-8872 . CrossRef
  27. Cooper KH. The new aerobics. New York: Bantam; 1970.
  28. Getchell LH, Kirkendall D, Robbins G. Prediction of maximal oxygen uptake in young adult women joggers. Res Q. 1977;48(1):61-7, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10671315.1977.10762151 .
  29. Ramsbottom R, Nute M, Williams C. Determinants of five kilometre running performance in active men and women. Brit J Sports Med. 1987;21(2):9-3, http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.21.2.9 . CrossRef
  30. Cureton K, Sloniger MA, O’Bannon JP, Black DM, McCormack WP. A generalized equation for prediction of VO_2peak from 1-mile run/walk performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995;27(3):445-51. CrossRef
  31. Cureton KJ, Baumgartner T, McManis BG. Adjustment of 1-mile run/walk test scores for skinfold thickness in youth. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 1991;3(2):152-67.
  32. Cureton KJ. Determinants of distance running performance in children: analysis of a path model. Res Quart. 1977;48(2):270-79.
  33. Plowman SA, Liu NYS. Norm-referenced and criterion-referenced validity of the one-mile run and PACER in college age individuals. Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci. 1999;3(2):63-4, http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327841mpee0302_1 . CrossRef
  34. Léger LA, Mercier D, Gadoury C, Lambert J. The multistage 20 metre shuttle run test for aerobic fitness. J Sports Sci. 1988;6(2):93-01, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640418808729800 . CrossRef
  35. Barnett A, Chan L, Bruce I. A preliminary study of the 20-m multistage shuttle run as a predictor of Peak VO₂ in Hong Kong Chinese students. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 1993;5(1):42-0.
  36. Boreham C, Paliczka V, Nichols A. A comparison of the PWC170 and 20-MST tests of aerobic fitness in adolescent schoolchildren. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1990;30(1):19-3.
  37. Liu N, Plowman S, Looney M. The reliability and validity of the 20-meter shuttle test in American students 12 to 15 years old. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1992;63(4):360-65, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1992.10608757 . CrossRef
  38. Cooper. Law Enforcement Fitness Specialists. Dallas: The Cooper Institute; 2002.
  39. Gordon C, Chumlea W, Roche A. Stature, recumbent length, and weight. In: Lohman T, Roche A, Martorell R, editors. Anthropometric standardization reference manual. Champaign: Human Kinetics Books; 1988. p. 3-.
  40. Léger LA, Lambert J. A maximal multistage 20-m shuttle run test to predict VO_2max. Eur J App Physiol Occup Physiol. 1982;49(1):1-2, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00428958 . CrossRef
  41. Massicotte D, Gauthier R, Markon P. Prediction of VO_2max from the running performance in children aged 10-7 years. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1985;25(1-):10-7.
  42. Macnaughton L, Croft R, Pennicott J, Long T. The 5 and 15 minute runs as predictors of aerobic capacity in high school students. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1990;30(1):24-8.
  43. Maksud MG, Coutts KD. Application of the Cooper twelve-minute run-walk test to young males. Res Q. 1971;42(1):54-9, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10671188.1971.10615035 .
  44. Pitetti K, Fernhall B, Figoni S. Comparing two regression formulas that predict VO_2peak using the 20-m shuttle run for children and adolescents. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2002;14(2):125-34.
  45. Mikawa K, Yano Y, Senjyu H. Development of a Field Test for Evaluating Aerobic Fitness. Int J Sports Med. 2012;33(05):346-50, http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1301321 . CrossRef
  46. Weiglein L, Herrick J, Kirk S, Kirk EP. The 1-Mile walk test is a valid predictor of VO_2max and is a Reliable Alternative Fitness Test to the 1.5-Mile Run in US Air Force Males. Military Med. 2011;176(6):669-73. CrossRef
  47. Dolgener FA, Hensley LD, Marsh JJ, Fjelstul JK. Validation of the Rockport Fitness Walking Test in college males and females. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1994;65(2):152-58, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1994.10607610 . CrossRef
  48. George JD, Fellingham GW, Fisher AG. A modified version of the Rockport fitness walking test for college men and women. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1998;69(2):205-09 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1998.10607685 . CrossRef
  
• 作者单位：Gürhan Kayihan (1) (2) (7)
  Ali ?zkan (3)
  Yusuf K?klü (4)
  Ender Eyubo?lu (5)
  Firat Ak?a (6)
  Mitat Koz (6)
  Gülfem Ers?z (6)
  
  1. Physical Fitness Department, Personal Nutrition Training Center, Ankara, Turkey
  2. Unaffiliated researcher, Oxford, UK
  7. Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 7UN, UK
  3. School of Physical Education and Sports, Bart?n University, Bart?n, Turkey
  4. School of Sport Sciences and Technology, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
  5. Nebahat Ta?k?n Primary School, Ankara, Turkey
  6. Sport Sciences Faculty, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
  
• ISSN：1896-494X

文摘

Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare values of aerobic performance in the 1-mile run test (1-MRT) using different formulae. Material and Methods Aerobic capacities of 351 male volunteers working for the Turkish National Police within the age range of 20-3 years were evaluated by the 1-MRT and the 20-metre shuttle run (20-MST). VO2maxvalues were estimated by the prediction equations developed by George et al. (1993), Cureton et al. (1995) and Kline et al. (1987) for the 1-MRT and by Leger and Lambert (1982) for the 20-MST. Results The difference between the results of the different formulae was significant (p = 0.000). The correlation coefficient between the estimated VO2max using Cureton’s equation, George’s equation, Kline’s equation and the 20-MST were 0.691 (p < 0.001), 0.486 (p < 0.001) and 0.608 (p < 0.001), respectively. The highest correlation coefficient was between the VO2max estimated by the 20-MST and Cureton’s equation. Similarly, the highest correlation coefficient (r = ?.779) was between the 1-mile run time and the VO2max estimated by Cureton’s equation. Conclusions When analysing more vigorous exercise than sub-maximal exercise, we suggest that Cureton’s equation be used to predict the VO2max from 1-mile run/walk performance in large numbers of healthy individuals with high VO2max. This research compares the use of 3 different formulae to estimate VO2max from 1-mile run/walk performance in male law enforcement officers aged 20-3 years for the first time and reports the most accurate formula to use when evaluating aerobic capacities of large numbers of healthy individuals.