Quantifying the Effects of Conservation Practices on Soil, Water, and Nutrients in the Loess Mesa Ravine Region of the Loess Plateau, China

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• 作者：Xiang-Zhou Xu (1) xzxu@dlut.edu.cn
  Mei-Juan Li (2)
  Bin Liu (3)
  Shang-Fu Kuang (4)
  Shi-Guo Xu (1)
• 关键词：Loess plateau &#8211 ; Soil management &#8211 ; Soil &#8211 ; Runoff &#8211 ; Nutrient
• 刊名：Environmental Management
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：May 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：49
• 期：5
• 页码：1092-1101
• 全文大小：634.4 KB
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• 作者单位：1. School of Hydraulic Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024 China2. Heilongjiang Provincial Hydraulic Research Institute, Harbin, 150080 China3. Xifeng Administering and Monitoring Bureau for Soil and Water Conservation, The Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Qingyang, 745000 China4. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100044 China
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Environmental Management
  Ecology
  Nature Conservation
  Atmospheric Protection, Air Quality Control and Air Pollution
  Forestry Management
  Waste Water Technology, Water Pollution Control, Water Management and Aquatic Pollution
  
• 出版者：Springer New York
• ISSN：1432-1009

文摘

A large number of soil and water conservation programs have been implemented on the Loess Plateau of China since the 1950s. To comprehensively assess the merits and demerits of the conservation practices is of great importance in further supervising the conservation strategy for the Loess Plateau. This study calculates the impact factors of conservation practices on soil, water, and nutrients during the period 1954–2004 in the Nanxiaohegou Catchment, a representative catchment in the Loess Mesa Ravine Region of the Loess Plateau, China. Brief conclusions could be drawn as follows: (1) Soil erosion and nutrient loss had been greatly mitigated through various conservation practices. About half of the total transported water and 94.8 % of the total transported soil and nutrients, had been locally retained in the selected catchment. The soil retained from small watersheds do not only form large-scale fertile farmland but also safeguard the Yellow River against overflow. (2) Check dam was the most appropriate conservation practice on the Loess Plateau. In the selected catchment, more than 90 % of the retained soil and water were accomplished by the dam farmland, although the dam farmland occupied only 2.3 % of the total area of all conservation measures. Retention abilities of the characteristic conservation practices were in the following order: dam farmland > terrace farmland > forest land and grassland. (3) The conservation practices were more powerful in retaining sediment than in reducing runoff from the Loess Plateau, and the negative effects of the conservation practices on reducing water to the Yellow River were relatively slight.