Coronal Holes and Open Magnetic Flux over Cycles 23 and 24

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• 作者：Chris Lowder ; Jiong Qiu ; Robert Leamon
• 关键词：Coronal holes ; Magnetic fields ; corona ; Magnetic fields ; models ; Solar cycle ; models ; Solar cycle ; observations
• 刊名：Solar Physics
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：January 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：292
• 期：1
• 全文大小：4571KB
• 刊物类别：Physics and Astronomy
• 刊物主题：Astrophysics and Astroparticles; Atmospheric Sciences; Space Sciences (including Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Exploration and Astronautics);
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1573-093X
• 卷排序：292

文摘

As the observational signature of the footprints of solar magnetic field lines open into the heliosphere, coronal holes provide a critical measure of the structure and evolution of these lines. Using a combination of Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (SOHO/EIT), Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (SDO/AIA), and Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory/Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (STEREO/EUVI A/B) extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations spanning 1996 – 2015 (nearly two solar cycles), coronal holes are automatically detected and characterized. Coronal hole area distributions show distinct behavior in latitude, defining the domain of polar and low-latitude coronal holes. The northern and southern polar regions show a clear asymmetry, with a lag between hemispheres in the appearance and disappearance of polar coronal holes.