Development of river water quality indices—a review
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- 作者：Arief Dhany Sutadian ; Nitin Muttil…
- 关键词：Water quality indices ; Water quality status ; Water quality parameters ; River ; Review
- 刊名：Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：January 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：188
- 期：1
- 全文大小：847 KB
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Nitin Muttil (1) (2)
Abdullah Gokhan Yilmaz (1) (2)
B. J. C. Perera (1) (2)
1. College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia
2. Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia - 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
- 刊物主题：Environment
Monitoring, Environmental Analysis and Environmental Ecotoxicology
Ecology
Atmospheric Protection, Air Quality Control and Air Pollution
Environmental Management - 出版者：Springer Netherlands
- ISSN：1573-2959
文摘
The use of water quality indices (WQIs) as a tool to evaluate the status of water quality in rivers has been introduced since the 1960s. The WQI transforms selected water quality parameters into a dimensionless number so that changes in river water quality at any particular location and time could be presented in a simple and easily understandable manner. Although many WQIs have been developed, there is no worldwide accepted method for implementing the steps used for developing a WQI. Thus, there is a continuing interest to develop accurate WQIs that suit a local or regional area. This paper aimed to provide significant contribution to the development of future river WQIs through a review of 30 existing WQIs based on the four steps needed to develop a WQI. These steps are the selection of parameters, the generation of sub-indices, the generation of parameter weights and the aggregation process to compute the final index value. From the 30 reviewed WQIs, 7 were identified as most important based on their wider use and they were discussed in detail. It was observed that a major factor that influences wider use of a WQI is the support provided by the government and authorities to implement a WQI as the main tool to evaluate the status of rivers. Since there is a lot of subjectivity and uncertainty involved in the steps for developing and applying a WQI, it is recommended that the opinion of local water quality experts is taken, especially in the first three steps (through techniques like Delphi method). It was also observed that uncertainty and sensitivity analysis was rarely undertaken to reduce uncertainty, and hence such an analysis is recommended for future studies.