Effects of an Invasive Grass (Phalaris Arundinacea) on Water Availability in Semi-Arid Riparian Zones

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• 作者：Adam D. Gebauer ; Rebecca Brown ; Suzanne Schwab ; Carmen Nezat ; Camille McNeely
• 关键词：Riparian ; Ecohydrology ; Transpiration ; Phenology ; Phalaris arundinacea ; Invasive grasses
• 刊名：Wetlands
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：36
• 期：1
• 页码：59-72
• 全文大小：1,184 KB
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• 作者单位：Adam D. Gebauer (1)
  Rebecca Brown (1)
  Suzanne Schwab (1)
  Carmen Nezat (2)
  Camille McNeely (1)
  
  1. Department of Biology, Eastern Washington University, SCI 258, Cheney, WA, 99004, USA
  2. Department of Geology, Eastern Washington University, SCI 130, Cheney, WA, 99004, USA
  
• 刊物主题：Freshwater & Marine Ecology; Environmental Management; Ecology; Hydrogeology; Coastal Sciences; Landscape Ecology;
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1943-6246

文摘

In much of the western United States, riparian zones are shifting from native woody and herbaceous species to invasive grasses, potentially altering plant water use and availability. Compared to the woody species they often replace, dense grass stands may have higher productivity and transpiration, causing them to use more water. We investigated evidence of this effect in semiarid eastern Washington, where many streams experience low flow that degrades water quality and habitat. Most of these riparian zones have extensive stands of invasive reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea), which could reduce stream flow through high transpiration rates. We tested how growing season, transpiration, and specific leaf area of reed canary grass compared to native riparian plant species to assess its effects on plant water use and water availability. Reed canary grass had a longer growing season by two weeks compared to eight other common riparian species. Although its transpiration rates per leaf area are not exceptional, its high specific leaf area and ability to produce dense stands of biomass resulted in more photosynthetic surface through which to transpire water than any other species tested, and substantially higher estimates of transpiration per ground surface area. We present strong evidence that reed canary grass is altering the patterns of water availability and use in these systems. Keywords Riparian Ecohydrology Transpiration Phenology Phalaris arundinacea Invasive grasses