Timing of porphyry (Cu-Mo) and base metal (Zn-Pb-Ag-Cu) mineralisation in a magmatic-hydrothermal system—Morococha district, Peru

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Honza Catchpole ; Kalin Kouzmanov ; Aldo Bendezú ; Maria Ovtcharova…
• 关键词：40Ar/39Ar geochronology ; Zn ; Pb ; Ag ; Cu ; Morococha ; Porphyry ; Toromocho ; Cordilleran polymetallic
• 刊名：Mineralium Deposita
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：December 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：50
• 期：8
• 页码：895-922
• 全文大小：22,288 KB
• 参考文献：Alvarez AA (1999) Yacimiento Toromocho. In: Pro-Explo1999 Lima, Peru. pp 205-225
  Arribas AJ, Hedenquist JW, Itaya T, Okada T, Concepción RA, Garcia JSJ (1995) Contemporaneous formation of adjacent porphyry and epithermal Cu-Au deposits over 300 ka in northern Luzon, Philippines. Geology 23:337-40CrossRef
  Ballard JR, Palin JM, Williams IS, Campbell IH, Faunes A (2001) Two ages of porphyry intrusion resolved for the super-giant Chuquicamata copper deposit of northern Chile by ELA-ICP-MS and SHRIMP. Geology 29:383-86CrossRef
  Barra F, Alcota H, Rivera S, Valencia V, Munizaga F, Maksaev V (2013) Timing and formation of porphyry Cu–Mo mineralization in the Chuquicamata district, northern Chile: new constraints from the Toki cluster. Miner Deposita 48:629-51CrossRef
  Bartos PJ (1989) Prograde and retrograde base metal lode deposits and their relationship to underlying porphyry copper deposits. Econ Geol 84:1671-683CrossRef
  Baumgartner R, Fontboté L, Vennemann T (2008) Mineral zoning and geochemistry of epithermal polymetallic Zn-Pb-Ag-Cu-Bi mineralization at Cerro de Pasco, Peru. Econ Geol 103:493-37CrossRef
  Baumgartner R, Fontbote L, Spikings R, Ovtcharova M, Schaltegger U, Schneider J, Page L, Gutjahr M (2009) Bracketing the age of magmatic-hydrothermal activity at the Cerro de Pasco epithermal polymetallic deposit, central Peru: A U-Pb and 40Ar/39Ar study. Econ Geol 104:479-04. doi:10.-113/?gsecongeo.-04.-.-79 CrossRef
  Bendezú R, Fontboté L, Cosca M (2003) Relative age of Cordilleran base metal lode and replacement deposits, and high sulfidation Au-(Ag) epithermal mineralization in the Colquijirca mining district, central Peru. Miner Deposita 38:683-94CrossRef
  Bendezú A, Catchpole H, Kouzmanov K, Fontboté L, Astorga C (2008a) Miocene magmatism and related porphyry and polymetallic mineralization in the Morococha district, Central Peru. In: XIII Congreso Latinoamericano de Geología, Lima, Peru, 29 September - 3 Octobre 2008. p 6
  Bendezú R, Page L, Spikings R, Pecskay Z, Fontboté L (2008b) New 40Ar/39Ar alunite ages from the Colquijirca district, Peru: evidence of a long period of magmatic SO2 degassing during formation of epithermal Au-Ag and Cordilleran polymetallic ores. Miner Deposita 43:777-89CrossRef
  Bendezú A, Kouzmanov K, Ovtcharova M, Spikings R, Fontboté L (2012) Timing of porphyry emplacement in the Miocene Morococha district, central Peru: U-Pb and Ar-Ar geochronological record. In: 34th International Geological Congress, Brisbane, Australia, 5 -10th August 2012. p 1
  Beuchat S (2003) Geochronological, structural, isotopes and fluid inclusion constraints of the polymetallic Domo de Yauli District, Peru. Terre Environ 41:130
  Bissig T, Tosdal RM (2009) Petrogenetic and metallogenetic relationships in the eastern Cordillera Occidental of central Peru. J Geol 117:499-18CrossRef
  Bissig T, Ullrich TD, Tosdal RM, Friedman R, Ebert S (2008) The time-space distribution of Eocene to Miocene magmatism in the central Peruvian polymetallic province and its metallogenetic implications. J S Am Earth Sci 26:16-5CrossRef
  Boggio MS (1980) Morococha. In: Boggio MS (ed) El Peru Minero - Tomo IV: Yacimientos - vol. 1. Lima, Peru, pp 33-42
  Bowring JF, McLean NM, Bowring SA (2011) Engineering cyber infrastructure for U-Pb geochronology: Tripoli and U-Pb_Redux. Geochem Geophys Geosyst 12:19. doi:10.-029/-010GC003479 CrossRef
  Caricchi L, Simpson G, Schaltegger U (2014) Zircons reveal magma fluxes in the Earth’s crust. Nature 511:457-61CrossRef
  Catchpole H (2011) Porphyry-related polymetallic mineralisation in the Morococha district, central Peru: mineralisation styles, timing and fluid evolution. Terre Environ 102:192
  Catchpole H, Kouzmanov K, Fontboté L, Guillong M, Heinrich CA (2011) Fluid evolution in zoned Cordilleran polymetallic veins - Insights from microthermometry and LA-ICP-MS of fluid inclusions. Chem Geol 281:293-04. doi:10.-016/?j.?chemgeo.-010.-2.-16 CrossRef
  Catchpole H, Kouzmanov K, Fontboté L (2012) Copper-excess stannoidite and tennantite-tetrahedrite as proxies for hydrothermal fluid evolution in a zoned Cordilleran base metal district, Morococha, central Peru. Can Mineral 50:719-43CrossRef
  Catchpole H, Kouzmanov K, Putlitz B, Fontboté L, Seo JH (2015) Zoned base metal mineralization in a porphyry system: Origin and evolution of mineralizing fluids in the Morococha district, Peru. Econ Geol 110:39--71
  Centromin Perú (2002) Mapa Geológico del Distrito de Morococha, escala 1:10 000
  Cherniak DJ, Watson EB, Grove M, Harrison TM (2004) Pb diffusion in monazite: a combined RBS/SIMS study. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 68:829-40CrossRef
  Chevalier A (2010) The Ticlio porphyry Cu-Au prospect, Morococha district, Peru: geochemistry and evolution of ore-forming fluids. unpublished Master thesis, University of Geneva
  Chiaradia M, Schaltegger U, Spikings R, Wotzlaw J-F, Ovtcharova M (2013) How accurately can we date th
• 作者单位：Honza Catchpole (1) (4)
  Kalin Kouzmanov (1)
  Aldo Bendezú (1)
  Maria Ovtcharova (1)
  Richard Spikings (1)
  Holly Stein (2) (3)
  Lluís Fontboté (1)
  
  1. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue des Mara?chers 13, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
  4. Vale Exploration Canada Inc., 2060 Flavelle Boulevard, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, L5K 1Z9
  2. AIRIE Program, Department of Geosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1482, USA
  3. Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics, University of Oslo, 0316, Oslo, Norway
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Geology
  Mineral Resources
  Mineralogy
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-1866

文摘

The Morococha district in central Peru is characterised by economically important Cordilleran polymetallic (Zn-Pb-Ag-Cu) vein and replacement bodies and the large Toromocho porphyry Cu-Mo deposit in its centre. U-Pb, Re-Os, and 40Ar/39Ar geochronology data for various porphyry-related hydrothermal mineralisation styles record a 3.5-Ma multi-stage history of magmatic-hydrothermal activity in the district. In the late Miocene, three individual magmatic-hydrothermal centres were active: the Codiciada, Toromocho, and Ticlio centres, each separated in time and space. The Codiciada centre is the oldest magmatic-hydrothermal system in the district and consists of a composite porphyry stock associated with anhydrous skarn and quartz-molybdenite veins. The hydrothermal events are recorded by a titanite U-Pb age at 9.3?±-.2 Ma and a molybdenite Re-Os age at 9.26?±-.03 Ma. These ages are indistinguishable from zircon U-Pb ages for porphyry intrusions of the composite stock and indicate a time span of 0.2 Ma for magmatic-hydrothermal activity. The small Ticlio magmatic-hydrothermal centre in the west of the district has a maximum duration of 0.3 Ma, ranging from porphyry emplacement to porphyry mineralisation at 8.04?±-.14 Ma (40Ar/39Ar muscovite cooling age). The Toromocho magmatic-hydrothermal centre has a minimum of five recorded porphyry intrusions that span a total of 1.3 Ma and is responsible for the formation of the giant Toromocho Cu-Mo deposit. At least two hydrothermal pulses are identified. Post-dating a first pulse of molybdenite mineralisation, wide-spread hydrous skarn covers an area of over 6 km2 and is recorded by five 40Ar/39Ar cooling ages at 7.2-.8 Ma. These ages mark the end of the slowly cooling and long-lived Toromocho magmatic-hydrothermal centre soon after last magmatic activity at 7.26?±-.02 Ma. District-wide (50 km2) Cordilleran base metal vein and replacement bodies post-date the youngest recorded porphyry mineralisation event at Toromocho by more than 0.5 Ma. Polymetallic veins (5.78?±-.10 and 5.72?±-.18 Ma; 40Ar/39Ar ages) and the Manto Italia polymetallic replacement bodies (6.23?±-.12 and 6.0?±-.2 Ma; 40Ar/39Ar ages) are interpreted to have been formed by a single hydrothermal pulse. Hydrothermal activity ceased after the formation of the base metal vein and replacement bodies. Overlapping monazite U-Pb (8.26?±-.18 Ma) and muscovite 40Ar/39Ar ages (8.1?±-.5 Ma) from the early base metal stage of one Cordilleran vein sample in the Sulfurosa area provide evidence that a discrete hydrothermal pulse was responsible for polymetallic vein formation 2.6 Ma prior to the district-wide polymetallic veins. These ages pre-date those of Toromocho porphyry Cu-Mo formation and show that Zn-Pb-Ag-Cu mineralisation formed during several discrete magmatic-hydrothermal pulses in the same district. Keywords 40Ar/39Ar geochronology Zn-Pb-Ag-Cu Morococha Porphyry Toromocho Cordilleran polymetallic