Physicochemical and Chemometric Characterisation of Late Roman Amphorae from Straits of Gibraltar

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• 作者：Raquel Vigil de la Villa ; Rosario García Giménez ; Maria Dolores Petit Domínguez and Maria Isabel Rucandio
• 关键词：Key words ; XRD ; FAAS ; multivariate statistical analysis ; Roman amphorae ; archaeometry.
• 刊名：Microchimica Acta
• 出版年：2003
• 出版时间：June 2003
• 年：2003
• 卷：142
• 期：1-2
• 页码：115-122
• 全文大小：311 KB
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Analytical Chemistry
  Inorganic Chemistry
  Physical Chemistry
  Characterization and Evaluation Materials
  Monitoring, Environmental Analysis and Environmental Ecotoxicology
  
• 出版者：Springer Wien
• ISSN：1436-5073

文摘

?A physicochemical characterisation of a selected group of late Roman amphorae was carried out using x-ray diffraction spectrometry, flame atomic absorption and emission spectroscopy as well as petrographic polarisation microscopy. Most of these amphorae were found in underwater environments on both coasts of the Straits of Gibraltar: Ceuta and Cadiz (Spain). A multivariate statistical study of the obtained data for 99 samples and 21 variables (Si, Al, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Fe, Mn, Ti, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, calcite, quartz, dolomite, orthoclase, plagioclase, phyllosilicates and gypsum) was performed. Relations among amphorae that shared a similar composition were established by factor analysis. As a result, amphorae coming from Cadiz showed a different composition than those coming from Ceuta. This is demonstrated by the increase in concentration of certain chemical elements, such as Cu, Cr and Ca. This fact supports the archaeological hypothesis that some amphorae of South-Hispanic typology found in Ceuta were produced locally, although there is no proof of the existence of kilns in this area. On the other hand, neither the different typologies nor the food stored or transported in these amphorae seem to affect the mineralogical and chemical composition of the ceramic pastes. However, their porosity contributes to the enrichment in trace elements and salt contents in those samples that had been in marine underwater contexts for a large period of time.