Overview of the organization of protease genes in the genome of Leishmania spp

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• 作者：Mariana Silva-Almeida (1)
  Franklin Souza-Silva (1)
  Bernardo Ac谩cio Santini Pereira (1)
  Michelle Lopes Ribeiro-Guimar茫es (1)
  Carlos Roberto Alves (1)
  
  1. Laborat贸rio de Biologia Molecular e Doen莽as End锚micas ; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz ; Funda莽茫o Oswaldo Cruz ; Av. Brasil 4365 ; Rio de ; Janeiro ; CEP 21040-900 ; Brasil
  
• 关键词：Leishmania ; Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis ; Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum ; Leishmania (Leishmania) major ; Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana ; Proteases
• 刊名：Parasites & Vectors
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：7
• 期：1
• 全文大小：888 KB
• 参考文献：Fact sheet n掳 375.
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• 刊物主题：Parasitology; Infectious Diseases; Tropical Medicine; Entomology;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：1756-3305

文摘

Background The genus Leishmania includes protozoan parasites that are able to infect an array of phlebotomine and vertebrate species. Proteases are related to the capacity of these parasites to infect and survive in their hosts and are therefore classified as virulence factors. Findings By analyzing protease genes annotated in the genomes of four Leishmania spp [Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum, L. (L.) major, L. (L.) mexicana and L. (Viannia) braziliensis], these genes were found on every chromosome of these protozoa. Four protease classes were studied: metallo-, serine, cysteine and aspartic proteases. Metalloprotease genes predominate in the L. (V.) braziliensis genome, while in the other three species studied, cysteine protease genes prevail. Notably, cysteine and serine protease genes were found to be very abundant, as they were found on all chromosomes of the four studied species. In contrast, only three aspartic protease genes could be detected in these four species. Regarding gene conservation, a higher number of conserved alleles was observed for cysteine proteases (42 alleles), followed by metalloproteases (35 alleles) and serine proteases (15 alleles). Conclusions The present study highlights substantial differences in the organization of protease genes among L. (L.) infantum, L. (L.) major, L. (L.) mexicana and L. (V.) braziliensis. We observed significant distinctions in many protease features, such as occurrence, quantity and conservation. These data indicate a great diversity of protease genes among Leishmania species, an aspect that may be related to their adaptations to the peculiarities of each microenvironment they inhabit, such as the gut of phlebotomines and the immune cells of vertebrate hosts.