Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out?

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• 作者：Francesco Agostini ; Andrew S. Gregory ; Goetz M. Richter
• 关键词：Soil organic carbon ; Switchgrass ; Miscanthus ; Model ; Willow ; Poplar ; Short ; rotation woody crops
• 刊名：BioEnergy Research
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：September 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：8
• 期：3
• 页码：1057-1080
• 全文大小：1,269 KB
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• 作者单位：Francesco Agostini (1)
  Andrew S. Gregory (1)
  Goetz M. Richter (1)
  
  1. Department of Sustainable Soils and Grassland Systems, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK
  
• 刊物类别：Chemistry and Materials Science
• 刊物主题：Chemistry
  Biomaterials
  Biochemical Engineering
  Bioorganic Chemistry
  
• 出版者：Springer New York
• ISSN：1939-1242

文摘

Soil organic carbon (SOC) changes associated with land conversion to energy crops are central to the debate on bioenergy and their potential carbon neutrality. Here, the experimental evidence on SOC under perennial energy crops (PECs) is synthesised to parameterise a whole systems model and to identify uncertainties and knowledge gaps determining PECs being a sink or source of greenhouse gas (GHG). For Miscanthus and willow (Salix spp.) and their analogues (switchgrass, poplar), we examine carbon (C) allocation to above- and belowground residue inputs, turnover rates and retention in the soil. A meta-analysis showed that studies on dry matter partitioning and C inputs to soils are plentiful, whilst data on turnover are rare and rely on few isotopic C tracer studies. Comprehensive studies on SOC dynamics and GHG emissions under PECs are limited and subsoil processes and C losses through leaching remain unknown. Data showed dynamic changes of gross C inputs and SOC stocks depending on stand age. C inputs and turnover can now be specifically parameterised in whole PEC system models, whilst dependencies on soil texture, moisture and temperature remain empirical. In conclusion, the annual net SOC storage change exceeds the minimum mitigation requirement (0.25 Mg C ha? year?) under herbaceous and woody perennials by far (1.14 to 1.88 and 0.63 to 0.72 Mg C ha? year?, respectively). However, long-term time series of field data are needed to verify sustainable SOC enrichment, as the physical and chemical stabilities of SOC pools remain uncertain, although they are essential in defining the sustainability of C sequestration (half-life >25 years). Keywords Soil organic carbon Switchgrass Miscanthus Model Willow Poplar Short-rotation woody crops