Enhancement of carotenoid production by disrupting the C22-sterol desaturase gene (CYP61) in Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous

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• 作者：Iris Loto (1)
  María Soledad Gutiérrez (1)
  Salvador Barahona (1)
  Dionisia Sepúlveda (1)
  Pilar Martínez-Moya (1)
  Marcelo Baeza (1)
  Víctor Cifuentes (1)
  Jennifer Alcaíno (1)
  
• 关键词：Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous ; Astaxanthin ; Ergosterol ; Sterol C22 ; sterol desaturase ; Cytochrome P450
• 刊名：BMC Microbiology
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：December 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：12
• 期：1
• 全文大小：1388KB
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• 作者单位：Iris Loto (1)
  María Soledad Gutiérrez (1)
  Salvador Barahona (1)
  Dionisia Sepúlveda (1)
  Pilar Martínez-Moya (1)
  Marcelo Baeza (1)
  Víctor Cifuentes (1)
  Jennifer Alcaíno (1)
  
  1. Laboratorio de Genética. Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas y Centro de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago Casilla 653, Chile
  
• ISSN：1471-2180

文摘

Background Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous is a basidiomycetous yeast that synthesizes astaxanthin, which is a carotenoid with a great biotechnological impact. The ergosterol and carotenoid synthesis pathways are derived from the mevalonate pathway, and in both pathways, cytochrome P450 enzymes are involved. Results In this study, we isolated and described the X. dendrorhous CYP61 gene, which encodes a cytochrome P450 involved in ergosterol biosynthesis. This gene is composed of nine exons and encodes a 526 amino acid polypeptide that shares significant percentages of identity and similitude with the C22-sterol desaturase, CYP61, from other fungi. Mutants derived from different parental strains were obtained by disrupting the CYP61 gene with an antibiotic selection marker. These mutants were not able to produce ergosterol and accumulated ergosta-5,8,22-trien-3-ol and ergosta-5,8-dien-3-ol. Interestingly, all of the mutants had a more intense red color phenotype than their respective parental strains. The carotenoid composition was qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by RP-HPLC, revealing that the carotenoid content was higher in the mutant strains without major changes in their composition. The expression of the HMGR gene, which encodes an enzyme involved in the mevalonate pathway (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase), was analyzed by RT-qPCR showing that its transcript levels are higher in the CYP61 mutants. Conclusions These results suggest that in X. dendrorhous, ergosterol regulates HMGR gene expression by a negative feedback mechanism and in this way; it contributes in the regulation of the carotenoid biosynthesis.