Does the presence of high-skilled employees increase total and high-skilled employment in the long run? Evidence from Austria

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• 作者：Sascha Sardadvar ; Christian Reiner
• 关键词：Human capital ; Employment growth ; Convergence ; Smart city hypothesis
• 刊名：Empirica
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：44
• 期：1
• 页码：59-89
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Business and Economics
• 刊物主题：European Integration; International Economics; Macroeconomics/Monetary Economics//Financial Economics; Econometrics; Industrial Organization; Public Finance;
• 出版者：Springer US
• ISSN：1573-6911
• 卷排序：44

文摘

Studies conducted for the US have found a positive effect of human capital endowments on employment growth, with human capital endowments diverging at the same time. In contrast, studies for European countries have found convergence of human capital endowments. This paper tests these relationships for the 99 Austrian districts for the observation period 1971–2011 by estimating how the presence of high-skilled employment affects total, low-skilled and high-skilled employment growth. To this end, OLS, fixed-effects and first-difference regressions are estimated. The results indicate continuous convergence of high-skilled employment which, however, slowed down significantly since the 1990s. In contrast to previous studies, evidence for positive effects of high-skilled on total and low-skilled employment is only weak and varies over time. Furthermore, the results show that total and high-skilled employment in suburban areas grew faster than in other regions, while districts which bordered the Eastern Bloc were disadvantaged. Nevertheless, spatial neighbourhood effects within Austria are only weak.