Horses naturally infected with EIAV harbor 2 distinct SU populations but are monophyletic with respect to IN

详细信息    查看全文

• 作者：Diana T. Cervantes ; Judith M. Ball ; John Edwards ; Susan Payne
• 关键词：Equine infectious anemia virus ; EIAV ; Lentivirus ; Retrovirus ; Horse ; Swamp fever
• 刊名：Virus Genes
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：February 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：52
• 期：1
• 页码：71-80
• 全文大小：2,411 KB
• 参考文献：1.R.F. Cook, C. Leroux, C.J. Issel, Equine infectious anemia and equine infectious anemia virus in 2013: a review. Vet. Microbiol. (2013). doi:10.​1016/​j.​vetmic.​2013.​09.​031
  2.B.A. Sponseller et al., Immune selection of equine infectious anemia virus env variants during the long-term inapparent stage of disease. Virology 363(1), 156–165 (2007)CrossRef PubMed
  3.S.D. Taylor et al., Selection of a rare neutralization-resistant variant following passive transfer of convalescent immune plasma in equine infectious anemia virus-challenged SCID horses. J. Virol. 84(13), 6536–6548 (2010)PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed
  4.R.H. Mealey et al., Immune reconstitution prevents continuous equine infectious anemia virus replication in an Arabian foal with severe combined immunodeficiency: lessons for control of lentiviruses. Clin. Immunol. 101(2), 237–247 (2001)PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed
  5.R.H. Mealey et al., Adaptive immunity is the primary force driving selection of equine infectious anemia virus envelope SU variants during acute infection. J. Virol. 78(17), 9295–9305 (2004)PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed
  6.R.H. Mealey et al., Epitope specificity is critical for high and moderate avidity cytotoxic T lymphocytes associated with control of viral load and clinical disease in horses with equine infectious anemia virus. Virology 313(2), 537–552 (2003)PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed
  7.S.A. Hammond et al., Maturation of the cellular and humoral immune responses to persistent infection in horses by equine infectious anemia virus is a complex and lengthy process. J. Virol. 71(5), 3840–3852 (1997)PubMedCentral PubMed
  8.J.K. Craigo et al., Discerning an effective balance between equine infectious anemia virus attenuation and vaccine efficacy. J. Virol. 79(5), 2666–2677 (2005)PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed
  9.J.K. Craigo et al., Divergence, not diversity of an attenuated equine lentivirus vaccine strain correlates with protection from disease. Vaccine 28(51), 8095–8104 (2010)PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed
  10.J.K. Craigo et al., Envelope variation as a primary determinant of lentiviral vaccine efficacy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104(38), 15105–15110 (2007)PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed
  11.S. Capomaccio et al., Detection, molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of full-length equine infectious anemia (EIAV) gag genes isolated from Shackleford Banks wild horses. Vet. Microbiol. 157(3–4), 320–332 (2012)CrossRef PubMed
  12.J.K. Craigo et al., An EIAV field isolate reveals much higher levels of subtype variability than currently reported for the equine lentivirus family. Retrovirology 6, 95 (2009)PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed
  13.S. Capomaccio et al., Geographic structuring of global EIAV isolates: a single origin for New World strains? Virus Res. 163(2), 656–659 (2012)CrossRef PubMed
  14.K. Kobayashi, Y. Kono, Propagation and titration of equine infectious anemia virus in horse leukocyte culture. Natl Inst. Anim. Health Q. 7(1), 8–20 (1967)
  15.K. Kobayashi, Y. Kono, Serial passages of equine infectious anemia virus in horse leukocyte culture. Natl Inst. Anim. Health Q. 7(1), 1–7 (1967)
  16.L. Coggins, Development of the Coggins test. Cornell Vet. 84(1), 3–5 (1994)PubMed
  17.S. Kakinuma et al., Nucleotide sequence of feline immunodeficiency virus: classification of Japanese isolates into two subtypes which are distinct from non-Japanese subtypes. J. Virol. 69(6), 3639–3646 (1995)PubMedCentral PubMed
  18.S.L. Payne et al., Characterization of infectious molecular clones of equine infectious anaemia virus. J. Gen. Virol. 75(Pt 2), 425–429 (1994)CrossRef PubMed
  19.S.L. Payne et al., Influence of long terminal repeat and env on the virulence phenotype of equine infectious anemia virus. J. Virol. 78(5), 2478–2485 (2004)PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed
  20.S.L. Payne et al., Long terminal repeat sequences of equine infectious anaemia virus are a major determinant of cell tropism. J. Gen. Virol. 80(Pt 3), 755–759 (1999)CrossRef PubMed
  21.S.L. Payne et al., Disease induction by virus derived from molecular clones of equine infectious anemia virus. J. Virol. 72(1), 483–487 (1998)PubMedCentral PubMed
  22.S.L. Payne, F.J. Fuller, Virulence determinants of equine infectious anemia virus. Curr. HIV Res. 8(1), 66–72 (2010)CrossRef PubMed
  23.W. Maury et al., Evolution of the equine infectious anemia virus long terminal repeat during the alteration of cell tropism. J. Virol. 79(9), 5653–5664 (2005)PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed
  24.W. Maury, J.L. Oaks, S. Bradley, Equine endothelial cells support productive infection of equine infectious anemia virus. J. Virol. 72(11), 9291–9297 (1998)PubMedCentral PubMed
  25.D.L. Lichtenstein, C.J. Issel, R.C. Montelaro, Genomic quasispecies associated with the initiation of infection and disease in ponies experimentally infected with equine infectious anemia virus. J. Virol. 70(6), 3346–3354 (1996)PubMedCentral PubMed
  26.C. Leroux, C.J. Issel, R.C. Montelaro, Novel and dynamic evolution of equine infectious anemia virus genomic quasispecies associated with sequential disease cycles in an experimentally infected pony. J. Virol. 71(12), 9627–9639 (1997)PubMedCentral PubMed
  27.C. Leroux et al., Equine infectious anemia virus genomic evolution in progressor and nonprogressor ponies. J. Virol. 75(10), 4570–4583 (2001)PubMedCentral CrossRef PubMed
  28.M. Quinlivan, F. Cook, R. Kenna, J. Callinan, A. Cullinane, Genetic characterization by composite sequence analysis of a new pathogenic field strain of equine infectious anemia virus from the 2006 outbreak in Ireland. J. Gen. Virol. 2013(94), 612–622 (2013)CrossRef
  
• 作者单位：Diana T. Cervantes (1)
  Judith M. Ball (2)
  John Edwards (2)
  Susan Payne (2)
  
  1. Texas Department of State Health Services, HSR 2/3 1301 S. Bowen Rd., Ste 200, Arlington, TX, 76013, USA
  2. Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Biomedicine
  Medical Microbiology
  Virology
  Plant Sciences
  
• 出版者：Springer Netherlands
• ISSN：1572-994X

文摘

Equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) causes lifelong infections ranging from acutely fatal, to chronic, to asymptomatic. Within infected animals, EIAV is found as a quasispecies. Many experimental studies on EIAV, carried out in the U.S. over the past 70 years, have used either the highly virulent Wyoming (EIAVwyo) field strain or various derivatives of that strain. These infections have provided insights into the variety of genetic changes that accumulate in the env gene and LTR in experimentally infected horses. In the current study, we obtained EIAV sequences from blood samples collected from naturally infected Texas horses between 2000 and 2002. We found surface (SU) and long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences clearly related to EIAVwyo and its cell culture-adapted derivatives. Some blood samples yielded SU or LTR sequences belonging to 2 discrete clusters. In these cases, SU and LTR variation between animals was no greater than sequence variation within animals. In contrast, a portion of integrase (IN) was more homogeneous within animals than between animals. These results suggest that specific selective pressures are applied to SU and LTR sequences, potentially driving generation of two distinct sequence clusters within a horse. We speculate that viruses in one cluster may be more highly expressed and easily transmitted while those in the second cluster support long-term inapparent infection. The presence of homogeneous IN sequences within a horse supports the hypothesis that SU and LTR sequences diverged after the initial infection. Keywords Equine infectious anemia virus EIAV Lentivirus Retrovirus Horse Swamp fever