Children of Senegal River Basin show the highest prevalence of Blastocystis sp. ever observed worldwide

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• 作者：Dima El Safadi (33) (34)
  Lobna Gaayeb (33) (35)
  Dionigia Meloni (33) (36)
  Amandine Cian (33)
  Philippe Poirier (37)
  Ivan Wawrzyniak (37)
  Fr茅d茅ric Delbac (37)
  Fouad Dabboussi (34)
  Laurence Delhaes (33)
  Modou Seck (35)
  Monzer Hamze (34)
  Gilles Riveau (33) (35)
  Eric Viscogliosi (33)
  
  33. Institut Pasteur de Lille ; Centre d鈥橧nfection et d鈥橧mmunit茅 de Lille (CIIL) ; Inserm U1019 ; CNRS UMR 8204 ; Universit茅 Lille Nord de France ; 1 rue du Professeur Calmette ; BP 245 ; 59019 ; Lille cedex ; France
  34. Centre AZM pour la Recherche en Biotechnologie et ses Applications ; Laboratoire Microbiologie ; Sant茅 et Environnement ; Universit茅 Libanaise ; Tripoli ; Lebanon
  35. Biomedical Research Center Espoir pour la Sant茅 (CRB-EPLS) ; Saint-Louis ; Senegal
  36. Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms (JCM) ; RIKEN BioResource Center ; Tsukuba ; Japan
  37. Laboratoire Microorganismes ; G茅nome et Environnement ; CNRS UMR 6023 ; Universit茅 Blaise Pascal de Clermont-Ferrand ; Aubi猫re ; France
  
• 关键词：Blastocystis sp ; Intestinal parasite ; Molecular epidemiology ; Pathogenicity ; PCR ; Subtyping ; Transmission ; Zoonosis
• 刊名：BMC Infectious Diseases
• 出版年：2014
• 出版时间：December 2014
• 年：2014
• 卷：14
• 期：1
• 全文大小：309 KB
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  64. The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/14/164/prepub
  
• 刊物主题：Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Medical Microbiology; Tropical Medicine; Internal Medicine;
• 出版者：BioMed Central
• ISSN：1471-2334

文摘

Background Blastocystis sp. is currently the most common intestinal protist found in human feces and considered an emerging parasite with a worldwide distribution. Because of its potential impact in public health, we reinforced the picture of Blastocystis sp. prevalence and molecular subtype distribution in Africa by performing the first survey of this parasite in Senegal. Methods Stool samples from 93 symptomatic presenting with various gastrointestinal disorders or asymptomatic children living in three villages of the Senegal River Basin were tested for the presence of Blastocystis sp. by non-quantitative and quantitative PCR using primer pairs targeting the SSU rDNA gene. Positive samples were subtyped to investigate the frequency of Blastocystis sp. subtypes in our cohort and the distribution of subtypes in the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups of children. Results By the use of molecular tools, all 93 samples were found to be positive for Blastocystis sp. indicating a striking parasite prevalence of 100%. Mixed infections by two or three subtypes were identified in eight individuals. Among a total of 103 subtyped isolates, subtype 3 was most abundant (49.5%) followed by subtype 1 (28.2%), subtype 2 (20.4%) and subtype 4 (1.9%). Subtype 3 was dominant in the symptomatic group while subtypes 1 and 2 were detected with equal frequency in both symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. The distribution of subtypes was compared with those available in other African countries and worldwide. Comparison confirmed that subtype 4 is much less frequently detected or absent in Africa while it is commonly found in Europe. Potential sources of Blastocystis sp. infection including human-to-human, zoonotic, and waterborne transmissions were also discussed. Conclusions The prevalence of Blastocystis sp. in our Senegalese population was the highest prevalence ever recovered worldwide for this parasite by reaching 100%. All cases were caused by subtypes 1, 2, 3 and 4 with a predominance of subtype 3. More than half of the children infected by Blastocystis sp. presented various gastrointestinal disorders. Such high prevalence of blastocystosis in developing countries makes its control a real challenge for public health authorities.