Is d-aspartate produced by glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase-1 like 1 (Got1l1): a putative aspartate racemase?

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• 作者：Ayumi Tanaka-Hayashi (1)
  Shuuhei Hayashi (2)
  Ran Inoue (1)
  Tomokazu Ito (2)
  Kohtarou Konno (3)
  Tomoyuki Yoshida (1)
  Masahiko Watanabe (3)
  Tohru Yoshimura (2)
  Hisashi Mori (1)
  
• 关键词：Glutamic ; oxaloacetic transaminase ; 1 like 1 ; d ; Aspartate ; Knockout mice ; Testis ; Hippocampus ; Recombinant protein expression
• 刊名：Amino Acids
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：January 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：47
• 期：1
• 页码：79-86
• 全文大小：725 KB
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• 作者单位：Ayumi Tanaka-Hayashi (1)
  Shuuhei Hayashi (2)
  Ran Inoue (1)
  Tomokazu Ito (2)
  Kohtarou Konno (3)
  Tomoyuki Yoshida (1)
  Masahiko Watanabe (3)
  Tohru Yoshimura (2)
  Hisashi Mori (1)
  
  1. Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
  2. Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
  3. Department of Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
  
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Life Sciences
  Biochemistry
  Analytical Chemistry
  Biochemical Engineering
  Life Sciences
  Proteomics
  Neurobiology
  
• 出版者：Springer Wien
• ISSN：1438-2199

文摘

d-Aspartate is an endogenous free amino acid in the brain, endocrine tissues, and exocrine tissues in mammals, and it plays several physiological roles. In the testis, d-aspartate is detected in elongate spermatids, Leydig cells, and Sertoli cells, and implicated in the synthesis and release of testosterone. In the hippocampus, d-aspartate strongly enhances N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor-dependent long-term potentiation and is involved in learning and memory. The existence of aspartate racemase, a candidate enzyme for d-aspartate production, has been suggested. Recently, mouse glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1-like 1 (Got1l1) has been reported to synthesize substantially d-aspartate from l-aspartate and to be involved in adult neurogenesis. In this study, we investigated the function of Got1l1 in vivo by generating and analyzing Got1l1 knockout (KO) mice. We also examined the enzymatic activity of recombinant Got1l1 in vitro. We found that Got1l1 mRNA is highly expressed in the testis, but it is not detected in the brain and submandibular gland, where d-aspartate is abundant. The d-aspartate contents of wild-type and Got1l1 KO mice were not significantly different in the testis and hippocampus. The recombinant Got1l1 expressed in mammalian cells showed l-aspartate aminotransferase activity, but lacked aspartate racemase activity. These findings suggest that Got1l1 is not the major aspartate racemase and there might be an as yet unknown d-aspartate-synthesizing enzyme.