- journal_title：American Mineralogist
- Contributor：Anton Shatskiy ; Daisuke Yamazaki ; Yuriy M. Borzdov ; Takuya Matsuzaki ; Konstantin D. Litasov ; Titus Cooray ; Anais Ferot ; Eiji Ito ; Tomoo Katsura
- Publisher：Mineralogical Society of America
- Date：2010-
- Format：text/html
- Language：en
- Identifier：10.2138/am.2010.3255
- journal_abbrev：American Mineralogist
- issn：0003-004X
- volume：95
- issue：1
- firstpage：135
- section：Articles
Large single crystals of stishovite were successfully synthesized at 11 GPa from a silica solution in water. The potential of both slow cooling and thermal gradient methods were examined. The thermal gradient method provided crystals of 0.8 × 0.8 × 1.3 mm in size grown at 1350 °C and a thermal gradient of 50 °C/mm using stishovite as a silica source. The use of quartz as a source resulted in the appearance of numerous stishovite crystals in the solution interior resulting in diminished space for the growth of large crystals. This can be explained by a significant difference in the solubility of metastable quartz and stishovite in water, estimated to be 85.3 and 5.6 wt% SiO2 at 1000 °C and 11 GPa, respectively. Crystals up to 0.8 × 1.3 × 1.5 mm were grown by the slow cooling method in the system SiO2 + 14.7 wt% H2O as temperature was decreased from 1600 to 1000 °C with a cooling rate of 2 °C/min. The size of single crystals obtained was large enough to carry out silicon self-diffusion experiments, which were performed at a pressure of 14 GPa and temperatures from 1400 to 1800 °C. The lattice diffusion coefficients along the [110] and [001] directions can be expressed as D[110] (m2/s) = 4.10 × 10−12 exp [−322 (kJ/mol)/RT] and D[001] (m2/s) = 5.62 × 10−12 exp [−334 (kJ/mol)/RT], respectively, where R is the gas constant and T is the absolute temperature.