The calcium carbonate content of sediments of the continental shelf of India between the Ganges and Madras was found to vary inversely with the silt-clay content and to increase with distance from the coast and from river mouths. Sediments containing over 50 percent CaCO 3 occur only on the outer shelf off Vizagapatnam and are considered relics of a former more widespread zone of calcareous sedimentation not yet buried by terrigenous muds and sands of present-day deposition.