- journal_title：Journal of Paleontology
- Contributor：James Sprinkle ; Ronald L. Parsley ; Yuanlong Zhao ; Jin Peng
- Publisher：Paleontological Society
- Date：2011-
- Format：text/html
- Language：en
- Identifier：10.1666/10-072.1
- journal_abbrev：Journal of Paleontology
- issn：0022-3360
- volume：85
- issue：2
- firstpage：250
- section：ARTICLE
The Middle Cambrian eocrinoid genera LyracystisSprinkle and Collins, 2006, from western Laurentia and BalangicystisParsley and Zhao, 2006, from South China, described in the same year, have turned out to be closely related genera assigned to the Family Lyracystidae. Both have erect, lyre-shaped, arm-like, brachiole-bearing, feeding appendages, here termed exothecal ambulacra, that are not homologous to crinoid arms. They also have a long, multiplated stalk to elevate the theca and feeding appendages well above the sea floor, making them among the highest tiered echinoderm suspension feeders known from the Middle Cambrian. The long stalk was either inserted a short distance into the muddy sediment, or attached to rare skeletal fragments lying on the sea floor. Both genera seem well adapted to quiet-water or slow-current conditions in deeper water (150–200 m) on the outer shelf or upper slope of their respective continents.