The Lower Permian (Late Wolfcampian) marginal marine facies of the Robledo Mountains Member (Hueco Formation) of the Robledo Mountains, New Mexico, contains a diverse ichnofauna dominated by vertebrate trackways. Four new arthropod ichnotaxa are described. m>Tonganoxichnus robledoensism> new ichnospecies, consists of repeated small traces comprising imprints of anteriorly directed legs, an elongate tapering abdomen, and a thin tail. m>Hedriumichnus apacheensism> new ichnogenus and ichnospecies consists of isolated small traces comprising imprints of laterally-directed legs, a broad tapering abdomen, and a short tail. m>Rotterodichnium majorm> new ichnospecies is a large trace with imprints of the head and thorax, a long thin abdomen and three pairs of legs, increasing in length posteriorly. m>Quadrispinichna parviam> new ichnogenus and ichnospecies consists of four diverging or sub-parallel linear or curvilinear imprints of approximately equal length.
m>Tonganoxichnusm>, previously known from the Upper Carboniferous of eastern Kansas, is interpreted as produced by a jumping monuran (an extinct group of wingless insects). m>Hedriumichnusm>, known only from the Robledo Mountains, is interpreted as the resting trace of a nymph of a primitive Ephemeroptera or Plecoptera. m>Rotterodichniumm>, previously known from the Lower Permian of Germany, is interpreted as the resting trace of a large dragonfly-like form (Protodonata, Odonata, or Megasecoptera). m>Quadrispinichnam>, previously recorded but not named, from the Lower Permian Ecca succession of South Africa, is interpreted as a resting trace of a crustacean. These rare traces increase our understanding of the diversity and behavior of nonmarine arthropod communities in the Lower Permian.
