New methods of petroleum location, detection and analysis, based on the fluorescence characteristic shown by all crude oils are described. A brief review is given of the available techniques and instruments used in fluorochemical analysis, and emphasis is placed on fluorographic exploration by means of subsurface soil samples, as well as the fluorologging of wells. The author has not limited himself to a review of the field, but has also pointed out, on the basis of the existing data of fluorochemistry, approaches to problems in the petroleum field which have proven successful in other branches of radiation science. The paper contains 43 references and 7 illustrations.