Historic evolution of the relationship between spatial development and highways: Spatial criteria for highway design. The cases of the corridors Reinosa-Torrelavega (N-611) in Cantabria and Puerto Lapice-Santa Cruz de Mudela (N-IV) in Ciudad Real (Spain)
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文摘
This thesis studies highway location considering the highway as a territorial element able to alter the spatial organization of land uses. The thesis studies the relationships between highways and the spatial organization through time. It has six chapters. First one justifies the relevance of the problem,defines research objectives and describes the methodology. The second chapter analyses the role given to roads in the main urban theories. The third chapter covers a long time span of spatial considerations in highway location. It goes from roman roads to actual highways. The fourth chapter reviews the spatial factors considered in highway design manuals of countries like Spain,USA,France,UK... The fifth chapter develops the first study case,the corridor of the Besaya river in Cantabria (Spain). Highway location is reviewed from the roman road,the Camino Real,the railroad,the highway and the motorway. It is also analysed how this system of ways has conditioned the spatial development of the corridor. The sixth chapter develops the second case study,the corridor of the National Road IV between Puerto Lápice and Santa Cruz de Mudela in the Spanish province of Ciudad Real. This corridor is flat and the population is concentred in medium size towns while the corridor of the Besaya river it has mountains and the population spreads in the valleys. Every highway and railway construction in the corridor is reviewed (historic road,Camino Real,Circuito Nacional de Firmes Especiales,Plan de Modernización,REDIA and Motorways-Programa de Autovías del Plan General de carreteras 84/93-). Spatial organization of the corridor and towns is analyzed considering the highway design decisions taken in each moment,specially analysing the by-passes. Finally,in the conclusions both cases are compared and some spatial criteria for highway location are presented.

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